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Test 1 · Population and cities

My mate says the world has always had about 8 billion people. Right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, world · What happens: say, have · To what, where: billion people · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 24 «Population and cities» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: My mate says the world has always had about 8 billion people.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 world	det
5	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 had	nsubj
6	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 had	aux
7	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	8 had	advmod
8	had	have	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 says	ccomp
9	about	about	ADV	_	11 billion	advmod
10	8	8	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 billion	compound
11	billion	billion	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 people	nummod
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 had	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	My mate						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	have	present · perfect	the world	billion people				always property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Right	right	INTJ	_	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Right	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, but they lived only in Europe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 lived	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 lived	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	5 lived	cc
4	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 lived	nsubj
5	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	only	only	ADV	_	5 lived	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 Europe	case
8	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 lived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	they			Europe			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in europe=Location

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

No, around 1337 there were perhaps only about 400 million

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 1337	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 1337	punct
3	around	around	ADP	_	4 1337	case
4	1337	1337	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 were	obl
5	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	6 were	expl
6	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	_	11 million	advmod
8	only	only	ADV	_	11 million	advmod
9	about	about	ADV	_	11 million	advmod
10	400	400	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 million	compound
11	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 were	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	400 million			1337; there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around 1337=Location

Option 3

No, there used to be many more than now

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 used	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 used	punct
3	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	4 used	expl
4	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	7 many	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 many	cop
7	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 used	obj
8	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV	7 many	advmod
9	than	than	ADP	_	8 more	fixed
10	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 used	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	participle				there	now		vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	to-infinitive						many property	tree rules

Option 4

Yes, the number of people on Earth has hardly changed in a thousand years

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	11 changed	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 number	det
4	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 changed	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 people	case
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 number	nmod
7	on	on	ADP	_	8 Earth	case
8	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 people	nmod
9	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 changed	aux
10	hardly	hardly	ADV	_	11 changed	advmod
11	changed	change	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 years	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 thousand	det
14	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	15 years	nummod
15	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 changed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present · perfect	the number of people on Earth				year	hardly property	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/24-population-and-cities/t1/