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Test 6 · Population and cities

Japan has lots of old people and few babies. Why might it worry?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Japan, it · What happens: have, worry · To what, where: lots

This is test 6 of lesson 24 «Population and cities» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Japan has lots of old people and few babies.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Japan	Japan	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 has	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 people	case
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 people	amod
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lots	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 babies	cc
8	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 babies	amod
9	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 people	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Japan	lots of old people and few babies					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why might it worry?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 worry	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 worry	aux
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 worry	nsubj
4	worry	worry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 worry	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	worry	might	it						vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Fewer young workers to look after everyone later

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 workers	amod
2	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 workers	amod
3	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 look	mark
5	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 workers	acl
6	after	after	ADP	_	7 everyone	case
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	5 look	obl
8	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 look	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	to-infinitive					after everyone	late property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

Option 2

The country will get bigger in size

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 country	det
2	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 get	nsubj
3	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 get	aux
4	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 get	xcomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 size	case
7	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 get	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	future	the country			size		big property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3

Old people use up all the land, so no new homes can ever be built

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 people	amod
2	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 use	nsubj
3	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 use	compound:prt
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 land	det:predet
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 land	det
7	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 use	obl:unmarked
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 built	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	16 built	advmod
10	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	12 homes	det
11	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 homes	amod
12	homes	home	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 built	nsubj:pass
13	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 built	aux
14	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	16 built	advmod
15	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	16 built	aux:pass
16	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 use	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use up	present	Old people	all land					vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	build	can · passive		no new homes			ever		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 4

Babies are not allowed in Japan

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 allowed	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 allowed	aux:pass
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 allowed	advmod
4	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 Japan	case
6	Japan	Japan	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 allowed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not allow	present · passive		Babies		Japan			vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/24-population-and-cities/t6/