Test 10 · Castile, Portugal and the first sea empires

1492 was a big year. Which list is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: 1492, list · What happens: be · To what, where: big year

This is test 10 of lesson 33 «Castile, Portugal and the first sea empires» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: 1492 was a big year.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	1492	1492	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 year	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 year	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 year	det
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 year	amod
5	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 year	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	1492	a big year					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which list is right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 list	det
2	list	list	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 right	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 right	cop
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	which list					right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Granada fell, Jews were told to convert or leave, Columbus reached the Caribbean

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Granada	Granada	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 fell	nsubj
2	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 told	punct
4	Jews	Jew	PROPN	Number=Plur	6 told	nsubj:pass
5	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 told	aux:pass
6	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 fell	parataxis
7	to	to	PART	_	8 convert	mark
8	convert	convert	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 told	xcomp
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 leave	cc
10	leave	leave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 convert	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 reached	punct
12	Columbus	Columbus	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 reached	nsubj
13	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 fell	conj
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Caribbean	det
15	Caribbean	Caribbean	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 reached	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	fall	past	Granada		vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	tell speech: assert	past · passive		Jews	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
3	convert not said to happen	to-infinitive	Jews not said here		vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
4	leave	infinitive	Jews not said here		vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	reach	past	Columbus	the Caribbean	vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent caribbean=Theme

Option 2

The Manila galleons stopped sailing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 galleons	det
2	Manila	Manila	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 galleons	compound
3	galleons	galleon	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 stopped	nsubj
4	stopped	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	sailing	sail	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 stopped	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	past	the Manila galleons						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	sail	gerund	the Manila galleons not said here						vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Constantinople fell to the Ottomans, Venice ended and Granada was founded

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Constantinople	Constantinople	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 fell	nsubj
2	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 Ottomans	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Ottomans	det
5	Ottomans	Ottoman	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 fell	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 ended	punct
7	Venice	Venice	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 ended	nsubj
8	ended	end	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 fell	conj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 founded	cc
10	Granada	Granada	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 founded	nsubj:pass
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 founded	aux:pass
12	founded	found	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 fell	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	fall	past	Constantinople		to the Ottomans	vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.pivot»: agent=Agent to ottoman=Pivot
2	end	past	Venice			vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
3	found	past · passive		Granada		vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 4

Vasco da Gama reached India and Brazil was founded

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Vasco	Vasco	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Gama	compound
2	da	Da	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Gama	compound
3	Gama	Gama	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 reached	nsubj
4	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 founded	nsubj:pass
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 Brazil	cc
7	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 India	conj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 founded	aux:pass
9	founded	found	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reached	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reach	past	Vasco da Gama						tree rules
2	found	past · passive		India and Brazil					vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/33-castile-portugal-and-the-first-sea-empires/t10/