Exam question 4 · Moving continents: from Pangaea to today

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the Atlantic Ocean.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern · To what, where: response, Atlantic Ocean

This is exam question 4 of lesson 43 «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Ocean	det
13	Atlantic	Atlantic	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 Ocean	compound
14	Ocean	Ocean	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the Atlantic Ocean		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus ocean=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is presently contracting at a rate of several metres annually as Africa advances

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 contracting	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 contracting	aux
3	presently	presently	ADV	_	4 contracting	advmod
4	contracting	contract	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 rate	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 rate	det
7	rate	rate	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 contracting	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 metres	case
9	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 metres	amod
10	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 rate	nmod
11	annually	annually	ADV	_	4 contracting	advmod
12	as	as	ADP	_	14 advances	case
13	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 advances	compound
14	advances	advance	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 contracting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contract	present · progressive	It			a rate of several metres		as Africa advances; annually, presently property	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as advance=Attribute

Option 2

It came into existence within the last ten thousand years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	4 existence	case
4	existence	existence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 came	obl
5	within	within	ADP	_	10 years	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 years	det
7	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 years	amod
8	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 thousand	compound
9	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 years	nummod
10	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 came	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	It			existence	year		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into existence=Initial_Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It began to open approximately 180 million years ago and continues to widen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 began	nsubj
2	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 open	mark
4	open	open	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 began	xcomp
5	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	7 million	advmod
6	180	180	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 million	compound
7	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 years	nummod
8	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 ago	obl:unmarked
9	ago	ago	ADV	_	4 open	advmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 continues	cc
11	continues	continue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 began	conj
12	to	to	PART	_	13 widen	mark
13	widen	widen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 continues	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	begin	past	It		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	open	to-infinitive		ago property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	continue	present			vn continue-55.3 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	widen	to-infinitive			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

It is coeval with the Earth and has not altered in width

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 coeval	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 coeval	cop
3	coeval	coeval	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 Earth	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Earth	det
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 coeval	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 altered	cc
8	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 altered	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 altered	advmod
10	altered	alter	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 coeval	conj
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 width	case
12	width	width	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 altered	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	coeval				with the Earth	tree rules
2	not alter	present · perfect				width			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/e4/