Exam question 3 · Volcanoes: how and where

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning a pyroclastic flow.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern · To what, where: response, pyroclastic flow

This is exam question 3 of lesson 46 «Volcanoes: how and where» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 flow	det
13	pyroclastic	pyroclastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 flow	amod
14	flow	flow	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	a pyroclastic flow		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus flow=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A slow stream of basaltic lava advancing at walking pace

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 stream	det
2	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stream	amod
3	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 lava	case
5	basaltic	basaltic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lava	amod
6	lava	lava	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stream	nmod
7	advancing	advance	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 stream	acl
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 pace	case
9	walking	walking	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 pace	compound
10	pace	pace	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 advancing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	advance	gerund	a slow stream of basaltic lava not said here					at walking pace	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 2

A sudden discharge of cold water from a crater lake upon the slopes of the volcano situated below

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 discharge	det
2	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 discharge	amod
3	discharge	discharge	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 water	case
5	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 water	amod
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 discharge	nmod
7	from	from	ADP	_	10 lake	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 lake	det
9	crater	crater	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lake	compound
10	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 discharge	nmod
11	upon	upon	ADP	_	13 slopes	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 slopes	det
13	slopes	slope	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 lake	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 volcano	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 volcano	det
16	volcano	volcano	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 slopes	nmod
17	situated	situate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 volcano	acl
18	below	below	ADV	_	17 situated	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	situate	participle		the volcano not said here				below property	vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent
2	discharge			cold water		a crater lake upon the slopes of the volcano			nom discharge «event transitive»: of=patient from=place

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

A current of hot gas, ash and rock descending at velocities exceeding one hundred kilometres per hour

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 current	det
2	current	current	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 gas	case
4	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 gas	amod
5	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 current	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 ash	punct
7	ash	ash	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 gas	conj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 rock	cc
9	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 gas	conj
10	descending	descend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 current	acl
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 velocities	case
12	velocities	velocity	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 descending	obl
13	exceeding	exceed	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 velocities	acl
14	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	15 hundred	compound
15	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 kilometres	nummod
16	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 exceeding	obj
17	per	per	ADP	_	18 hour	case
18	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 kilometres	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	descend	gerund	a current not said here			velocities			vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	exceed	gerund	velocities not said here	hundred kilometres			per hour		vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot kilometre=Theme

Option 4

An emission of steam from a hot spring

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 emission	det
2	emission	emission	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 steam	case
4	steam	steam	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 emission	nmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	8 spring	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 spring	det
7	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 spring	amod
8	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 emission	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	emit			steam			from a hot spring		nom emission «act transitive»: of=patient from=obl

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/46-volcanoes-how-and-where/e3/