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Exam question 4 · Volcanoes: how and where

It is given that the magma chamber of a volcano has been evacuated by a major eruption. Ascertain the probable consequence for the overlying ground.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: major eruption, you · What happens: give, evacuate, ascertain · To what, where: It, magma chamber, probable consequence

This is exam question 4 of lesson 46 «Volcanoes: how and where» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that the magma chamber of a volcano has been evacuated by a major eruption.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 evacuated	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 chamber	det
6	magma	magma	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 chamber	compound
7	chamber	chamber	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 evacuated	nsubj:pass
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 volcano	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 volcano	det
10	volcano	volcano	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 chamber	nmod
11	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 evacuated	aux
12	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	13 evacuated	aux:pass
13	evacuated	evacuate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
14	by	by	ADP	_	17 eruption	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 eruption	det
16	major	major	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 eruption	amod
17	eruption	eruption	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 evacuated	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	evacuate	present · perfect · passive	a major eruption	the magma chamber of a volcano					vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain the probable consequence for the overlying ground.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 consequence	det
3	probable	probable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 consequence	amod
4	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	8 ground	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 ground	det
7	overlying	overlying	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 ground	amod
8	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 consequence	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the probable consequence				for the overlying ground	vn ensure-99 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Precondition consequence=Theme for ground=Beneficiary

The options

Option 1

Its elevation to form a new stratovolcano

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 elevation	nmod:poss
2	elevation	elevation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 form	nsubj
3	to	to	PART	_	4 form	mark
4	form	form	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 stratovolcano	det
6	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 stratovolcano	amod
7	stratovolcano	stratovolcano	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 form	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	to-infinitive	Its elevation	a new stratovolcano					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location stratovolcano=Theme
2	elevate		Its = it						nom elevation «event transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

Its separation from the plate as a hotspot

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 separation	nmod:poss
2	separation	separation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 plate	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 plate	det
5	plate	plate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 separation	nmod
6	as	as	ADP	_	8 hotspot	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 hotspot	det
8	hotspot	hotspot	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 separation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	separate		Its = it			the plate		as a hotspot	nom separation «state intransitive»: poss=agent from=place as=obl

Option 3

Its conversion to a mid-ocean ridge

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 conversion	nmod:poss
2	conversion	conversion	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	6 ridge	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 ridge	det
5	mid-ocean	mid-ocean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 ridge	amod
6	ridge	ridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 conversion	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	convert		Its = it					to a mid-ocean ridge	nom conversion «event transitive»: poss=agent to=obl

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Its collapse to form a caldera

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 collapse	nmod:poss
2	collapse	collapse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 form	nsubj
3	to	to	PART	_	4 form	mark
4	form	form	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 caldera	det
6	caldera	caldera	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 form	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	to-infinitive	Its collapse	a caldera					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location caldera=Theme
2	collapse		Its = it						nom collapse «state intransitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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