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Test 10 · Volcanoes: how and where

A steep, cone-shaped volcano made of layers of ash and lava sits above a subduction zone. What is it most likely to do?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: steep shaped volcano, volcano · What happens: shape, make, sit, be · To what, where: steep shaped volcano, subduction zone

This is test 10 of lesson 46 «Volcanoes: how and where» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A steep, cone-shaped volcano made of layers of ash and lava sits above a subduction zone.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 volcano	det
2	steep	steep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 volcano	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 steep	punct
4	cone	cone	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shaped	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 cone	punct
6	shaped	shape	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 volcano	amod
7	volcano	volcano	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 sits	nsubj
8	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 volcano	acl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 layers	case
10	layers	layer	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 made	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 ash	case
12	ash	ash	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 layers	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 lava	cc
14	lava	lava	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 ash	conj
15	sits	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
16	above	above	ADP	_	19 zone	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 zone	det
18	subduction	subduction	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 zone	compound
19	zone	zone	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 sits	obl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 sits	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shape	participle							vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
2	make	participle		a steep shaped volcano not said here				of layers of ash and lava	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
3	sit	present	a steep shaped volcano			a subduction zone			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above zone=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is it most likely to do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	7 do	obj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 do	cop
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 do	nsubj
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 likely	advmod
5	likely	likely	ADV	_	7 do	advmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 do	mark
7	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	volcano					do, likely property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Erupt explosively from time to time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Erupt	erupt	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	explosively	explosively	ADV	_	1 Erupt	advmod
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 time	case
4	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Erupt	obl
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 time	case
6	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Erupt	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	erupt	imperative	you not said here				time	explosively property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Never erupt again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	2 erupt	advmod
2	erupt	erupt	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	again	again	ADV	_	2 erupt	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not erupt	imperative	you not said here				again		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Pour out only gentle runny lava for ever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pour	pour	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	out	out	ADP	_	1 Pour	compound:prt
3	only	only	ADV	_	6 lava	advmod
4	gentle	gentle	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lava	amod
5	runny	runny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lava	amod
6	lava	lava	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Pour	obl
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 ever	case
8	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	1 Pour	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pour out	imperative	you not said here	gentle runny lava					vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for ever=Beneficiary

Option 4

Erupt only deep under the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Erupt	erupt	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 deep	advmod
3	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Erupt	xcomp
4	under	under	ADP	_	6 sea	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sea	det
6	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 deep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	erupt	imperative	you not said here					deep property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/46-volcanoes-how-and-where/t10/