Test 4 · Volcanoes: how and where
The Hawaiian island of Kauai is old and worn, while Big Island still erupts. Why?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Hawaiian island, Big Island · What happens: be, erupt
This is test 4 of lesson 46 «Volcanoes: how and where» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: The Hawaiian island of Kauai is old and worn, while Big Island still erupts.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 island | det |
| 2 | Hawaiian | hawaiian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 island | amod |
| 3 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 old | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Kauai | case |
| 5 | Kauai | Kauai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 island | nmod |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 old | cop |
| 7 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 worn | cc |
| 9 | worn | worn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 old | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 erupts | punct |
| 11 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 15 erupts | mark |
| 12 | Big | Big | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Island | compound |
| 13 | Island | Island | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 erupts | nsubj |
| 14 | still | still | ADV | _ | 15 erupts | advmod |
| 15 | erupts | erupt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 old | conj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 old | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the Hawaiian island of Kauai | old property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | the Hawaiian island of Kauai not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | erupt | present | Big Island | still | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Why?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 Why | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The options
Option 1
The hotspot moves around the Pacific each year
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 hotspot | det |
| 2 | hotspot | hotspot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 moves | nsubj |
| 3 | moves | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | around | around | ADP | _ | 6 Pacific | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Pacific | det |
| 6 | Pacific | Pacific | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 moves | obl |
| 7 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 year | det |
| 8 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 moves | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | move | present | the hotspot | the Pacific | year | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme around pacific=Trajectory |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The plate carried Kauai away from the hotspot long ago
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 plate | det |
| 2 | plate | plate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 carried | nsubj |
| 3 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | Kauai | Kauai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 carried | obj |
| 5 | away | away | ADV | _ | 3 carried | advmod |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 hotspot | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 hotspot | det |
| 8 | hotspot | hotspot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 carried | obl |
| 9 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 10 ago | advmod |
| 10 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 3 carried | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | carry away | past | the plate | Kauai | the hotspot | ago, away property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent kauai=Theme from hotspot=Initial_Location |
Option 3
Kauai was built by a different kind of volcano
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kauai | Kauai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 built | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 built | aux:pass |
| 3 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 kind | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 kind | det |
| 6 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 kind | amod |
| 7 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 built | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 volcano | case |
| 9 | volcano | volcano | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 kind | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | past · passive | a different kind of volcano | Kauai | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |
Option 4
Kauai is closer to the hotspot than Big Island is, so it cooled first
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kauai | Kauai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 closer | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 closer | cop |
| 3 | closer | close | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 hotspot | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 hotspot | det |
| 6 | hotspot | hotspot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 closer | obl |
| 7 | than | than | ADP | _ | 9 Island | case |
| 8 | Big | Big | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Island | compound |
| 9 | Island | Island | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 closer | obl |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 closer | cop |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 cooled | punct |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 cooled | advmod |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 cooled | nsubj |
| 14 | cooled | cool | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 closer | conj |
| 15 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 14 cooled | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Kauai | to the hotspot; than Big Island; close property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | cool | past | hotspot | first property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/46-volcanoes-how-and-where/t4/