Test 7 · ★★ · Famous eruptions and living with volcanoes

How could Laki in Iceland kill so many people without burying any town?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Laki · What happens: kill, bury · To what, where: many people, town

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 47 «Famous eruptions and living with volcanoes» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	6 kill	advmod
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 kill	aux
3	Laki	Laki	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 kill	nsubj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 Iceland	case
5	Iceland	Iceland	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Laki	nmod
6	kill	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	so	so	ADV	_	8 many	advmod
8	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 people	amod
9	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 kill	obj
10	without	without	SCONJ	_	11 burying	mark
11	burying	bury	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 kill	advcl
12	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	13 town	det
13	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 burying	obj
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 kill	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	could	Laki in Iceland	many people					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme
2	bury	gerund	Laki in Iceland not said here	any town					vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent town=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Its noise made everyone deaf

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 noise	nmod:poss
2	noise	noise	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	nsubj
3	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	3 made	obj
5	deaf	deaf	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 made	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	Its noise	everyone				deaf property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset everyone=Product
2	noise		Its = it						nom noise «event intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

Its lava flowed across the whole country

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 lava	nmod:poss
2	lava	lava	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 flowed	nsubj
3	flowed	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	across	across	ADP	_	7 country	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 country	det
6	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 country	amod
7	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 flowed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flow	past	Its lava			the whole country			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Its poisonous gas killed the livestock, and people starved

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 gas	nmod:poss
2	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 gas	amod
3	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 killed	nsubj
4	killed	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 livestock	det
6	livestock	livestock	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 killed	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 starved	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 starved	cc
9	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 starved	nsubj
10	starved	starve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 killed	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	past	Its poisonous gas	the livestock					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent livestock=Theme
2	starve	past	people						tree rules

Option 4

It caused a giant tsunami

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 caused	nsubj
2	caused	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 tsunami	det
4	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 tsunami	amod
5	tsunami	tsunami	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 caused	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	past	It	a giant tsunami					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition tsunami=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/47-famous-eruptions-and-living-with-volcanoes/t7/