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Test 4 · ★ · Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks

A geologist finds a rock of rounded pebbles stuck together. What does the roundness tell her?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: geologist, roundness · What happens: find, round, stick together, tell · To what, where: rock, rounded pebbles, geologist · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 49 «Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A geologist finds a rock of rounded pebbles stuck together.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 geologist	det
2	geologist	geologist	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 finds	nsubj
3	finds	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 rock	det
5	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 finds	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 pebbles	case
7	rounded	round	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 pebbles	amod
8	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 rock	nmod
9	stuck	stick	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 pebbles	acl
10	together	together	ADV	_	9 stuck	advmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 finds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	present	a geologist	a rock of rounded pebbles					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rock=Topic
2	round	participle							vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	stick together	participle		rounded pebbles not said here				together property	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does the roundness tell her?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 tell	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 tell	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 roundness	det
4	roundness	roundness	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tell	nsubj
5	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 tell	iobj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 tell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present · do-support	the roundness		geologist				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient what=Topic

The options

Option 1

They were melted in a volcano and dripped into round blobs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 melted	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 melted	aux:pass
3	melted	melt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 volcano	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 volcano	det
6	volcano	volcano	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 melted	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 dripped	cc
8	dripped	drip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 melted	conj
9	into	into	ADP	_	11 blobs	case
10	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 blobs	amod
11	blobs	blob	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 dripped	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	past · passive		They		a volcano			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result
2	drip	past				round blobs			vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into blob=Location

Option 2

They grew as crystals in a cave

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 grew	nsubj
2	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	as	as	ADP	_	4 crystals	case
4	crystals	crystal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grew	obl
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 cave	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 cave	det
7	cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grew	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past	They			a cave		as crystals	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cave=Location

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The pebbles were rolled by water, like in a river or on a beach

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pebbles	det
2	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 rolled	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 rolled	aux:pass
4	rolled	roll	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 water	case
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rolled	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 river	punct
8	like	like	ADP	_	11 river	case
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 river	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 river	det
11	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rolled	obl
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 beach	cc
13	on	on	ADP	_	15 beach	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 beach	det
15	beach	beach	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 river	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	roll	past · passive	water	the pebbles				like a river or a beach	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Agent

Option 4

They fell from space

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 fell	nsubj
2	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 space	case
4	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fell	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	past	They			space			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from space=Initial_Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/49-sedimentary-and-metamorphic-rocks/t4/