Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks

Tests: 6 of 10 right · Exam: 1 of 4 right · Kind: ★ · Understood: 9 of 14 · Run: 2026-10-18, commit f3c23ea72

Lesson 49 of the geography course of Mova's primary school, as Mova's small model took its tests: it had read this lesson and the ones before it and learned from their exercises. Each test shows the options in the order the student saw them, its choice, the right answer, the score of every option and why it chose. The lesson itself, sentence by sentence with trees and pragmatics: the lesson in the corpora.

Every question of this lesson and each of its options parsed by Mova, with trees and pragmatics: the lesson's questions in the corpora.

Test 1 · ★ · wrong ✗

Josh says the top layer of a cliff must be the oldest because it's been there longest in the sun. Put him right.

1. The middle layer is always the oldest — ← Mova's choice · score 5
2. He's right, the top is always oldest because the sun has baked it longest — no support
3. In undisturbed layers the bottom ones were laid down first and are oldest — ✓ the right answer · score 5
4. All the layers were made on the same day — score 4

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 5, tied with another option at 5 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 49, line 7: «In undisturbed sedimentary rock, the lowest layers are the oldest.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same doer «lowest layers» (+3); the same property (+1); the same light verb (be, have, do, get, go) (+1). The right option, 3, scored 5. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 2 · ★ · right ✓

"white cliffs of dover are made of what, like actual chalk??"

1. Yes, chalk made of shells of tiny sea creatures — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 12
2. No, they're made of white granite — no support
3. Yes, chalk made of ground-up bones of dinosaurs — score 8
4. No, they're painted limestone — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 12, against 8 for the next best. Its support: lesson 49, line 9: «Limestone and chalk are made mostly from the shells and skeletons of tiny sea creatures.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same thing acted on «limestone» (+5); the same circumstance (+4); the same action «make» (+3). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 3 · ★ · right ✓

What would happen to a layer of limestone if it were buried very deep and heated without melting?

1. It could turn into marble — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 4
2. It would turn into chalk again — score 4
3. It would become basalt — score 3
4. It would become sandstone — score 3

Why: It took the question to ask what happens next. It chose option 1 with score 4, tied with another option at 4 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 49, line 4: «Metamorphic rocks are rocks changed by heat and pressure without melting, the way clay in a kiln turns into a hard pot: limestone becomes marble, and shale bec…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «become» (+2); the same doer «limestone» (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 4 · ★ · right ✓

A geologist finds a rock of rounded pebbles stuck together. What does the roundness tell her?

1. They were melted in a volcano and dripped into round blobs — score 4
2. They grew as crystals in a cave — no support
3. The pebbles were rolled by water, like in a river or on a beach — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 7
4. They fell from space — no support

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 3 with score 7, against 4 for the next best. Its support: lesson 49, line 11: «Conglomerate is a rock made of rounded pebbles, rolled smooth by rivers or waves, cemented together.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same circumstance (+4); the same action «roll» (+3). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 5 · ★ · wrong ✗

In a cartoon, a statue of marble is shown being made by cooling lava in a mould. What's wrong?

1. Nothing, that's how marble statues are made — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Marble is changed limestone, not cooled lava — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. Marble is made of pressed sand — no support
4. Marble is made of hardened tree sap — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 6 · ★ · wrong ✗

"mate, why's every house in Bath the same yellow colour?"

1. The law makes everyone paint their house yellow — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. The sand from the beach stains them — no support
3. They were built from the local honey-coloured limestone — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. The Romans covered them all in gold leaf and some of it stuck — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 7 · ★ · right ✓

Mia reckons metamorphic means the rock melted and set again. What's true?

1. She's right, it melted completely — score 4
2. It means the rock came from space — no support
3. Metamorphic rock changed with heat and pressure but did not melt — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 7
4. It means the rock was made by animals, like a coral reef — score 4

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 7, against 4 for the next best. Its support: lesson 49, line 4: «Metamorphic rocks are rocks changed by heat and pressure without melting, the way clay in a kiln turns into a hard pot: limestone becomes marble, and shale bec…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «change» (+3); the same thing acted on «rocks» (+2); the same circumstance (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 8 · ★ · wrong ✗

Rock layers in a cliff are bent into a big arch. What most likely did that?

1. Plates colliding and squeezing the layers — ✓ the right answer · score 5
2. Waves bending them last winter — ← Mova's choice · score 8
3. Rain falling on the layers — no support
4. The layers were laid down curved by wind — no support

Why: It took the question to ask what is done. It chose option 2 with score 8, against 5 for the next best. Its support: lesson 49, line 5: «When plates collide, layers of rock can be bent into folds like a rug pushed against a wall, and old towns built from local stone show the geology under their…», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: it fills the role the question asks for (+6); the same action «bend» (+4). Against it: a different thing acted on (counts against) (-2). The right option, 1, scored 5. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 9 · ★ · right ✓

Why are you more likely to find a fossil fish in shale than in granite?

1. Shale formed from mud that buried living things; granite from melted rock — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 4
2. Fish only lived on top of granite — no support
3. Shale is older than every other rock on Earth, so it has the most fossils — score 4
4. Granite fossils are too small to see — no support

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score 4, tied with another option at 4 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 49, line 12: «Most fossils are found in sedimentary rocks, because living things were buried in the layers.», reached through the cause of the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «bury» (+4). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 10 · ★ · right ✓

A roofer splits a stone into thin sheets with one tap. Which rock is it most likely to be?

1. Slate — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 6
2. Conglomerate — no support
3. Pumice — no support
4. Granite — no support

Why: It took the question to ask who or what does it. It chose option 1 with score 6, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 49, line 15: «Slate is shale changed by pressure so that it splits into thin, flat sheets, which is why it is used for roofs.», reached through a sentence linked to the one the question matched. What matched: it fills the role the question asks for (+3); the same doer «slate» (+2); the same light verb (be, have, do, get, go) (+1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 1 · formal language · wrong ✗

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the formation of sedimentary rocks?

1. Molten rock is cooled and solidified at depth — no support
2. Pre-existing rock is altered by heat and pressure without melting — no support
3. Crystals are precipitated from volcanic gases — ← Mova's choice · score 6
4. Particles are deposited in layers, buried, compacted and cemented — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: It took the question to ask who or what does it. It chose option 3 with score 6, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 47, line 11: «The Laki eruption in Iceland in 1783-84 poured out poisonous gas that killed most of Iceland's livestock, and about a fifth of its people died in the famine th…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: it fills the role the question asks for (+5); the same doer «poured poisonous gas» (+4). Against it: a different thing acted on (counts against) (-1); a different action (counts against) (-2). The right option, 4, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 2 · formal language · right ✓

Identify the rock which results from the metamorphism of limestone.

1. Marble — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · no support
2. Hard slate — no support
3. Granite — no support
4. Conglomerate — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 3 · formal language · wrong ✗

It is given that a sequence of sedimentary strata has remained undisturbed. Ascertain which statement concerning the relative age of the strata is correct.

1. The uppermost stratum is the oldest — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. The lowermost stratum is the oldest — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. The age of the strata cannot be compared in any respect — no support
4. All strata are of identical age — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 4 · formal language · wrong ✗

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the composition of chalk.

1. It consists principally of the remains of terrestrial plants — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. It consists principally of cooled volcanic glass — no support
3. It consists principally of the shells and skeletons of minute marine organisms — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. It consists principally of compacted desert sand — no support

Why: Nothing it remembers matched the question, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/geography/49-sedimentary-and-metamorphic-rocks/