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Test 5 · Weathering and erosion

A muddy river reaches a calm lake and the water clears. What happened to the mud?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: muddy river, water · What happens: reach, clear, happen · To what, where: calm lake

This is test 5 of lesson 52 «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A muddy river reaches a calm lake and the water clears.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 river	det
2	muddy	muddy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 river	amod
3	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reaches	nsubj
4	reaches	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 lake	det
6	calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 lake	amod
7	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reaches	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 clears	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 water	det
10	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 clears	nsubj
11	clears	clear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reaches	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 reaches	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reach	present	a muddy river	a calm lake					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent lake=Theme
2	clear	present	the water						vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What happened to the mud?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 happened	nsubj
2	happened	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 mud	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 mud	det
5	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 happened	obl
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 happened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	past						to the mud	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

The mud floated up into the clouds as steam

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mud	det
2	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	floated	float	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 mud	acl
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 floated	compound:prt
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 clouds	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 clouds	det
7	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 floated	obl
8	as	as	ADP	_	9 steam	case
9	steam	steam	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 floated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	float up	participle		the mud not said here		the clouds		as steam	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into cloud=Destination

Option 2

The mud dissolved into nothing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mud	det
2	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	dissolved	dissolve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 mud	acl
4	into	into	ADP	_	5 nothing	case
5	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 dissolved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dissolve	participle		the mud not said here				into nothing result	vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into nothing=Result

Option 3

The mud turned into fish food at once and was all eaten up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 mud	det
2	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turned	nsubj
3	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 food	case
5	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 food	compound
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turned	obl
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 once	case
8	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	3 turned	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 eaten	cc
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 eaten	aux:pass
11	all	all	ADV	_	12 eaten	advmod
12	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 turned	conj
13	up	up	ADP	_	12 eaten	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	past	the mud			fish food			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into food=Trajectory
2	eat up	past · passive	the mud not said here					all property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The water slowed and dropped it, which is deposition

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 water	det
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 slowed	nsubj
3	slowed	slow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 dropped	cc
5	dropped	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 slowed	conj
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 dropped	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 deposition	punct
8	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 deposition	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 deposition	cop
10	deposition	deposition	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 slowed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	slow	past	the water						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	drop	past	the water not said here	water					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	is a	present		deposition					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/t5/