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Test 8 · Weathering and erosion

A game says mountains last for ever and never change. What is true?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: game, mountains · What happens: say, last, not change, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 of lesson 52 «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A game says mountains last for ever and never change.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 game	det
2	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 last	nsubj
5	last	last	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 ever	case
7	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	5 last	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 change	cc
9	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	10 change	advmod
10	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 last	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a game						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	last	present	mountains						vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
3	not change	infinitive	mountains not said here						vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Mountains melt a little every summer and refreeze in winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 melt	nsubj
2	melt	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 little	det
4	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 melt	obl:unmarked
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 summer	det
6	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 melt	obl:unmarked
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 refreeze	cc
8	refreeze	refreeze	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 melt	conj
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 winter	case
10	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 refreeze	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	Mountains	a little			summer		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	refreeze	infinitive	Mountains not said here				winter		tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Mountains are slowly worn down over millions of years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 worn	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 worn	aux:pass
3	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	4 worn	advmod
4	worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	down	down	ADP	_	4 worn	compound:prt
6	over	over	ADP	_	7 millions	case
7	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 worn	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 years	case
9	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 millions	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wear down	present · passive		Mountains		millions of years		slowly property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source

Option 3

Mountains only change in earthquakes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 change	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 change	advmod
3	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 earthquakes	case
5	earthquakes	earthquake	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 change	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	Mountains			earthquakes			vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Mountains are built new every year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 built	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 built	aux:pass
3	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 built	xcomp
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 year	det
6	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 built	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	present · passive		Mountains			year	new property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/t8/