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Test 9 · Weathering and erosion

Strange mushroom-shaped rocks stand in a sandy desert. What most likely shaped them?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Strange shaped rocks · What happens: shape, stand · To what, where: sandy desert, rocks

This is test 9 of lesson 52 «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Strange mushroom-shaped rocks stand in a sandy desert.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Strange	strange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 rocks	amod
2	mushroom	mushroom	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shaped	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 mushroom	punct
4	shaped	shape	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 rocks	amod
5	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 stand	nsubj
6	stand	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 desert	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 desert	det
9	sandy	sandy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 desert	amod
10	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stand	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 stand	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shape	participle							vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
2	stand	present	Strange shaped rocks			a sandy desert			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in desert=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What most likely shaped them?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 shaped	obj
2	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 shaped	advmod
3	likely	likely	ADV	_	4 shaped	advmod
4	shaped	shape	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 shaped	obj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 shaped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shape	participle		rocks = rock				likely property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset what=Beneficiary they=Product

The options

Option 1

Tree roots growing all round them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 roots	compound
2	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 roots	acl
4	all	all	ADV	_	3 growing	advmod
5	round	round	ADP	_	6 them	case
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 growing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	gerund	Tree roots not said here					round roots = root; all property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Wind blasting sand against them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	blasting	blast	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Wind	acl
3	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 blasting	obj
4	against	against	ADP	_	5 them	case
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 blasting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blast	gerund	Wind not said here	sand				against them = they	vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent sand=Instrument against they=Patient

Option 3

Frost in a hot, steamy rainforest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Frost	frost	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	in	in	ADP	_	7 rainforest	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 rainforest	det
4	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 rainforest	amod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 hot	punct
6	steamy	steamy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 rainforest	amod
7	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Frost	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

Ocean waves that once crashed there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ocean	Ocean	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 waves	compound
2	waves	wave	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 crashed	obj
4	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	5 crashed	advmod
5	crashed	crash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 waves	acl:relcl
6	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 crashed	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crash	past		Ocean waves		there		once property	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/t9/