Test 10 · Weathering and erosion
Lily: "the rock got broken by frost and then the stream took the bits — that's all weathering." What should she change?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: frost, stream, that · What happens: break, take, be, change · To what, where: Lily, bits, weathering
This is test 10 of lesson 52 «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Lily: "the rock got broken by frost and then the stream took the bits — that's all weathering."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lily | Lily | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 broken | nsubj |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 broken | punct |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 broken | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 rock | det |
| 5 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 broken | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | got | get | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 broken | aux:pass |
| 7 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 frost | case |
| 9 | frost | frost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 broken | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 took | cc |
| 11 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 14 took | advmod |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 stream | det |
| 13 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 took | nsubj |
| 14 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 broken | conj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 bits | det |
| 16 | bits | bit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 took | obj |
| 17 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 weathering | punct |
| 18 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 21 weathering | nsubj |
| 19 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 weathering | cop |
| 20 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 weathering | det |
| 21 | weathering | weathering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 broken | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 broken | punct |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 broken | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break in a quote | past · passive | frost | Lily | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | take in a quote | past | the stream | the bits | then | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Theme | |||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | that | all weathering | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What should she change?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 change | obj |
| 2 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 change | aux |
| 3 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 change | nsubj |
| 4 | change | change | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 change | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | change | should | stream | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient |
The options
Option 1
The frost part is erosion too
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 part | det |
| 2 | frost | frost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 part | compound |
| 3 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 erosion | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 erosion | cop |
| 5 | erosion | erosion | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | too | too | ADV | _ | 5 erosion | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the frost part | erosion | tree rules |
Option 2
Neither part is weathering nor erosion
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Neither | neither | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 part | det |
| 2 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 weathering | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 weathering | aux |
| 4 | weathering | weather | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 6 erosion | cc |
| 6 | erosion | erosion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 weathering | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | weather | present · progressive | neither part | tree rules |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice
Streams only drop rocks, never carry them
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Streams | stream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 drop | nsubj |
| 2 | only | only | ADV | _ | 3 drop | advmod |
| 3 | drop | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 drop | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 carry | punct |
| 6 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 7 carry | advmod |
| 7 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 drop | conj |
| 8 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 carry | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drop | present | Streams | rocks | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rock=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not carry | infinitive | Streams not said here | rocks = rock | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
The stream taking the bits is erosion
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 stream | det |
| 2 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 erosion | nsubj |
| 3 | taking | take | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 stream | acl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 bits | det |
| 5 | bits | bit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 taking | obj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 erosion | cop |
| 7 | erosion | erosion | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | gerund | the stream not said here | the bits | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | the stream | erosion | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/t10/