Test 8 · ★ · Rivers shaping the land

Why does a river flowing into a calm sea build a delta while one flowing into a stormy sea may not?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: river · What happens: flow, build · To what, where: calm sea, delta, stormy sea

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 53 «Rivers shaping the land» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	10 build	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 build	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 river	det
4	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 build	nsubj
5	flowing	flow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 river	acl
6	into	into	ADP	_	9 sea	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 sea	det
8	calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 sea	amod
9	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 flowing	obl
10	build	build	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 delta	det
12	delta	delta	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 build	obj
13	while	while	SCONJ	_	20 may	mark
14	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 may	nsubj
15	flowing	flow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 one	acl
16	into	into	ADP	_	19 sea	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 sea	det
18	stormy	stormy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 sea	amod
19	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 flowing	obl
20	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 build	advcl
21	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	20 may	advmod
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 build	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	flow	gerund	a river not said here		a calm sea	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	build	present · do-support	a river	a delta		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset delta=Product
3	flow	gerund			a stormy sea	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Calm seas push rivers backwards

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 seas	amod
2	seas	sea	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 push	nsubj
3	push	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 push	obj
5	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	3 push	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	present	Calm seas	rivers				backwards property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Calm seas cannot carry the sediment away fast enough

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 seas	amod
2	seas	sea	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 carry	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 carry	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 carry	advmod
5	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sediment	det
7	sediment	sediment	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 carry	obj
8	away	away	ADV	_	5 carry	advmod
9	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 carry	advmod
10	enough	enough	ADV	_	9 fast	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not carry away	can	Calm seas	the sediment				away, fast property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sediment=Theme

Option 3

Stormy seas freeze the sediment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stormy	stormy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 seas	amod
2	seas	sea	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 freeze	nsubj
3	freeze	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 sediment	det
5	sediment	sediment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 freeze	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze	present	Stormy seas	the sediment					vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient sediment=Result

Option 4

Stormy seas have no salt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stormy	stormy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 seas	amod
2	seas	sea	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 salt	det
5	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Stormy seas	no salt					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salt=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/53-rivers-shaping-the-land/t8/