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Test 10 · Coasts and caves

"caves r always made by waves, right" — Oli. Correct him.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: waves, you · What happens: make, correct · To what, where: caves, Oli

This is test 10 of lesson 55 «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: "caves r always made by waves, right" — Oli.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 made	punct
2	caves	cave	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 made	nsubj:pass
3	r	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 made	aux:pass
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 made	advmod
5	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 waves	case
7	waves	wave	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 made	obl:agent
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 right	punct
9	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 waves	amod
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 right	punct
11	—	-	PUNCT	_	12 Oli	punct
12	Oli	Oli	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 waves	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make in a quote	present · passive	waves Oli	caves				always property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Correct him.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Correct	correct	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Correct	obj
3	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Correct	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	correct speech: disagree	imperative	you not said here		Oli				vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent he=Patient

The options

Option 1

No, caves are all dug by animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 dug	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	caves	cave	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 dug	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 dug	aux:pass
5	all	all	ADV	_	6 dug	advmod
6	dug	dig	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 animals	case
8	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 dug	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dig	present · passive		caves				all property	vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary animal=Result

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

No, caves are all made by earthquakes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 made	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	caves	cave	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 made	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 made	aux:pass
5	all	all	ADV	_	6 made	advmod
6	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 earthquakes	case
8	earthquakes	earthquake	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive	earthquakes	caves				all property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Many big caves form inland, where rain dissolves limestone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 caves	amod
2	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 caves	amod
3	caves	cave	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 form	nsubj
4	form	form	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	inland	inland	ADV	_	4 form	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 dissolves	punct
7	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	9 dissolves	advmod
8	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 dissolves	nsubj
9	dissolves	dissolve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 form	conj
10	limestone	limestone	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 dissolves	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	present	Many big caves					inland property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	dissolve	present	rain	limestone					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent limestone=Patient

Option 4

Yes, every cave is made by waves, even ones far from the sea

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 made	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	4 cave	det
4	cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 made	nsubj:pass
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 made	aux:pass
6	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 waves	case
8	waves	wave	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 made	obl:agent
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 ones	punct
10	even	even	ADV	_	11 ones	advmod
11	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 waves	conj
12	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	11 ones	advmod
13	from	from	ADP	_	15 sea	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 sea	det
15	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 far	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive	waves and ones	every cave					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/55-coasts-and-caves/t10/