Test 11 · Coasts and caves

Why do the Twelve Apostles not have twelve stacks standing today?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Twelve Apostles, twelve stacks · What happens: do, not have, stand · To what, where: twelve stacks

This is test 11 of lesson 55 «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 do	advmod
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 have	advcl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Apostles	det
4	Twelve	twelve	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 Apostles	nummod
5	Apostles	apostle	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 have	nsubj
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 have	advmod
7	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	twelve	twelve	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 stacks	nummod
9	stacks	stack	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 have	obj
10	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 stacks	acl
11	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 standing	obl:unmarked
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	do	present	the Twelve Apostles not said here			vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	not have	present	the Twelve Apostles	twelve stacks		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stack=Patient
3	stand	gerund	twelve stacks not said here		today	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Tourists broke bits off and took them home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tourists	tourist	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 broke	nsubj
2	broke	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	bits	bit	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 broke	obj
4	off	off	ADP	_	2 broke	compound:prt
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 took	cc
6	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 broke	conj
7	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 took	obj
8	home	home	ADV	_	6 took	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break off	past	Tourists	bits					vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bit=Patient
2	take	past	Tourists not said here	bits = bit				home property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Option 2

They melted in the sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 melted	nsubj
2	melted	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 sun	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 sun	det
5	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 melted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	past	They			the sun			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The sea erodes them and some have collapsed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sea	det
2	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 erodes	nsubj
3	erodes	erode	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 erodes	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 collapsed	cc
6	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	8 collapsed	nsubj:pass
7	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 collapsed	aux
8	collapsed	collapse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 erodes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	erode	present	the sea	them = they					tree rules
2	collapse	present · perfect · passive		some					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Option 4

They sank in an earthquake

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sank	nsubj
2	sank	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 earthquake	case
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 earthquake	det
5	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sank	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	past	They			a earthquake			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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