Test 5 · ★★ · The United States

Why do many US places, such as Los Angeles and San Francisco, have Spanish names?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · What happens: do, have · To what, where: many US places, Spanish names

This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 9 «The United States» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 do	advmod
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 have	advcl
3	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 places	amod
4	US	US	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 places	compound
5	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 do	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 Los	punct
7	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	9 Los	case
8	as	as	ADP	_	7 such	fixed
9	Los	Los	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 places	nmod
10	Angeles	Angeles	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Los	flat
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 San	cc
12	San	San	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Los	conj
13	Francisco	Francisco	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 San	flat
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 have	punct
15	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
16	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 names	amod
17	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 have	obj
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	15 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present		many US places				such Los and San	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Eventuality
2	have	present		Spanish names					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The names were chosen in 1959

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 names	det
2	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 chosen	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 chosen	aux:pass
4	chosen	choose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 1959	case
6	1959	1959	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 chosen	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	choose	past · passive		the names		1959			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

They were named by Columbus

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 named	nsubj:pass
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 named	aux:pass
3	named	name	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 Columbus	case
5	Columbus	Columbus	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 named	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	name	past · passive	Columbus	They					vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 3

Spanish was the language of the 13 colonies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spanish	Spanish	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 language	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 language	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 language	det
4	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 colonies	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 colonies	det
7	13	13	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 colonies	nummod
8	colonies	colony	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 language	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Spanish	the language				of the 13 colonies	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Spain and then Mexico ruled those lands first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spain	Spain	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 ruled	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 Mexico	cc
3	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 Mexico	advmod
4	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Spain	conj
5	ruled	rule	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	7 lands	det
7	lands	land	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 ruled	obj
8	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 ruled	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rule	past	Spain and Mexico	that lands				first property	vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/9-the-united-states/t5/