Test 11 · ★ · Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads
In a strategy game you can only win with huge numbers. How did Romans often win instead?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, Romans · What happens: win · To what, where: strategy game
This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 14 «Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a strategy game you can only win with huge numbers.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 game | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 game | det |
| 3 | strategy | strategy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 game | compound |
| 4 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 win | obl |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 win | nsubj |
| 6 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 win | aux |
| 7 | only | only | ADV | _ | 8 win | advmod |
| 8 | win | win | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 numbers | case |
| 10 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 numbers | amod |
| 11 | numbers | number | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 win | obl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 win | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | win | can | you | a strategy game | with huge numbers | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V PP.eventuality S_ING»: agent=Agent in game=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: How did Romans often win instead?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 win | advmod |
| 2 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 win | aux |
| 3 | Romans | Roman | PROPN | Number=Plur | 5 win | nsubj |
| 4 | often | often | ADV | _ | 5 win | advmod |
| 5 | win | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | instead | instead | ADV | _ | 5 win | advmod |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 win | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | win | past · do-support | Romans | instead, often property | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
With more soldiers than anyone
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 3 soldiers | case |
| 2 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 soldiers | amod |
| 3 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | than | than | ADP | _ | 5 anyone | case |
| 5 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 3 soldiers | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
With dragons
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 2 dragons | case |
| 2 | dragons | dragon | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
By never fighting
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | SCONJ | _ | 3 fighting | mark |
| 2 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 3 fighting | advmod |
| 3 | fighting | fight | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not fight | gerund | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
With discipline, training and teamwork
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 2 discipline | case |
| 2 | discipline | discipline | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 training | punct |
| 4 | training | training | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 discipline | conj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 teamwork | cc |
| 6 | teamwork | teamwork | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 discipline | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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