Test 5 · ★ · Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads

Why do many roads in Europe today still follow Roman routes?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: many roads · What happens: do, follow · To what, where: Roman routes

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 14 «Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 do	advmod
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 follow	advcl
3	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 roads	amod
4	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 follow	nsubj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 Europe	case
6	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 roads	nmod
7	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 roads	nmod:unmarked
8	still	still	ADV	_	9 follow	advmod
9	follow	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	Roman	roman	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 routes	amod
11	routes	route	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 follow	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 follow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	many roads in Europe today not said here						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	follow	present	many roads in Europe today	Roman routes			still		vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent route=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Roman roads were made of gold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Roman	roman	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 roads	amod
2	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 made	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 made	aux:pass
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 gold	case
6	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past · passive		Roman roads				of gold	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 2

The Romans banned anyone from building new roads

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Romans	det
2	Romans	Roman	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 banned	nsubj
3	banned	ban	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 banned	obj
5	from	from	SCONJ	_	6 building	mark
6	building	build	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 anyone	acl
7	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 roads	amod
8	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 building	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ban	past	the Romans	anyone					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer anyone=Theme
2	build	gerund		new roads					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset road=Product

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The Romans chose good straight lines and built them well

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Romans	det
2	Romans	Roman	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 chose	nsubj
3	chose	choose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lines	amod
5	straight	straight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lines	amod
6	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 chose	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 built	cc
8	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 chose	conj
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 built	obj
10	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 built	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	choose	past	the Romans	good straight lines					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme
2	build	past	the Romans not said here	lines = line				well property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product

Option 4

Roads can never be moved, even a little

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 moved	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 moved	aux
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 moved	advmod
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 moved	aux:pass
5	moved	move	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 little	punct
7	even	even	ADV	_	9 little	advmod
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 little	det
9	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 moved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not move	can · passive		Roads				a little obl	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/14-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads/t5/