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Test 9 · ★★ · Rome: the fall of the West and what Rome left us

Your class uses the Latin alphabet and months like July and August. What does that show?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: class, that · What happens: use, show · To what, where: Latin alphabet

This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 16 «Rome: the fall of the West and what Rome left us» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your class uses the Latin alphabet and months like July and August.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 class	nmod:poss
2	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 uses	nsubj
3	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 alphabet	det
5	Latin	Latin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 alphabet	amod
6	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 uses	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 months	cc
8	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 alphabet	conj
9	like	like	ADP	_	10 July	case
10	July	July	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 months	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 August	cc
12	August	August	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 July	conj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 uses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	Your class	the Latin alphabet and months like July and August					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alphabet=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does that show?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 show	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 show	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present · do-support	that						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient

The options

Option 1

English came before Rome

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	before	before	ADP	_	4 Rome	case
4	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 came	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	English			Rome			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before rome=Location

Option 2

It is a coincidence

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 coincidence	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 coincidence	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 coincidence	det
4	coincidence	coincidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a coincidence					tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Much of our way of life rests on Roman foundations

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 rests	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 way	case
3	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 way	nmod:poss
4	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Much	nmod
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 life	case
6	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 way	nmod
7	rests	rest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 foundations	case
9	Roman	roman	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 foundations	amod
10	foundations	foundation	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 rests	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rest	present	Much of our way of life			Roman foundations			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on foundation=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

The Romans copied our alphabet and our months from us later

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Romans	det
2	Romans	Roman	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 copied	nsubj
3	copied	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 alphabet	nmod:poss
5	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 copied	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 months	cc
7	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 months	nmod:poss
8	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 alphabet	conj
9	from	from	ADP	_	10 us	case
10	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 copied	obl
11	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 copied	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	past	the Romans	our alphabet and our months				from us; late property	vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alphabet=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/16-rome-the-fall-of-the-west-and-what-rome-left-us/t9/