Test 3 · ★★ · The Maya
The Maya and the Indians both had zero. Did one copy the other?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Maya, one · What happens: have, copy · To what, where: zero, other
This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 18 «The Maya» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: The Maya and the Indians both had zero.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Maya | det |
| 2 | Maya | Maya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 had | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 Indians | cc |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Indians | det |
| 5 | Indians | Indian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 2 Maya | conj |
| 6 | both | both | ADV | _ | 7 had | advmod |
| 7 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | zero | zero | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 had | obj |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 had | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the Maya and the Indians | zero | both property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent zero=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Did one copy the other?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 copy | aux |
| 2 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 copy | nsubj |
| 3 | copy | copy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 other | det |
| 5 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 copy | obj |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 copy | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | copy | past · do-support | one | the other | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent other=Theme |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
No, they invented it separately
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 4 invented | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 invented | punct |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 invented | nsubj |
| 4 | invented | invent | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 invented | obj |
| 6 | separately | separately | ADV | _ | 4 invented | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | invent | past | they | it | separately property | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result |
Option 2
No, the Romans gave it to both
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 5 gave | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Romans | det |
| 4 | Romans | Roman | PROPN | Number=Plur | 5 gave | nsubj |
| 5 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 gave | obj |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 both | case |
| 8 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 gave | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | the Romans | it | both | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme to both=Recipient |
Option 3
Yes, India copied the Maya after sailors visited
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 4 copied | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 copied | nsubj |
| 4 | copied | copy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Maya | det |
| 6 | Maya | Maya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 copied | obj |
| 7 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 9 visited | mark |
| 8 | sailors | sailor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 visited | nsubj |
| 9 | visited | visit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 copied | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | copy | past | India | the Maya | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent maya=Theme | ||||
| 2 | visit | past | sailors | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
Yes, the Maya copied India
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 copied | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Maya | det |
| 4 | Maya | Maya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 copied | nsubj |
| 5 | copied | copy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 copied | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | copy | past | the Maya | India | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent india=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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