Exam question 4 · The Aztecs and the Inca

Ascertain the fate of the Inca emperor Atahualpa subsequent to the payment of his ransom in gold.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, his · What happens: ascertain, fate, pay, ransom · To what, where: fate, Inca emperor, ransom, gold

This is exam question 4 of lesson 19 «The Aztecs and the Inca» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fate	det
3	fate	fate	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 emperor	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 emperor	det
6	Inca	Inca	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 emperor	compound
7	emperor	emperor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fate	nmod
8	Atahualpa	Atahualpa	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 subsequent	compound
9	subsequent	subsequent	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 payment	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 payment	det
12	payment	payment	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 ransom	case
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 ransom	nmod:poss
15	ransom	ransom	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 payment	nmod
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 gold	case
17	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 ransom	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the fate of the Inca emperor		to the payment of his ransom in gold	vn ensure-99 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Precondition fate=Beneficiary subsequent=Theme
2	fate			the Inca emperor			nom fate «event transitive»: of=patient
3	pay			his ransom in gold			nom payment «possession transitive»: of=patient
4	ransom		his = he		gold		nom ransom «possession transitive»: poss=agent in=place

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

He was put to death by the Spaniards notwithstanding

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 put	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 put	aux:pass
3	put	put	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 death	case
5	death	death	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 put	obl
6	by	by	ADP	_	9 notwithstanding	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 notwithstanding	det
8	Spaniards	Spaniard	PROPN	Number=Plur	9 notwithstanding	compound
9	notwithstanding	notwithstanding	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 put	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	past · passive	the Spaniards notwithstanding	He				to death	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent subject=Goal

Option 2

He was released and restored to his throne

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 released	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 released	aux:pass
3	released	release	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 restored	cc
5	restored	restore	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 released	conj
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 throne	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 throne	nmod:poss
8	throne	throne	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 restored	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	release	past · passive		He					vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Source
2	restore	participle			his throne				vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to throne=Recipient

Option 3

He was conveyed to Spain as a nobleman

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 conveyed	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 conveyed	aux:pass
3	conveyed	convey	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 Spain	case
5	Spain	Spain	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 conveyed	obl
6	as	as	ADP	_	8 nobleman	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 nobleman	det
8	nobleman	nobleman	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 conveyed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	convey	past · passive		He	Spain			as a nobleman	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to spain=Recipient

Option 4

He escaped to Machu Picchu

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 escaped	nsubj
2	escaped	escape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 Machu	case
4	Machu	Machu	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 escaped	obl
5	Picchu	Picchu	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Machu	flat

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	escape	past	He			Machu			vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to machu=Initial_Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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