Exam question 3 · Printing, the Renaissance and the Reformation

Ascertain the principal grievance articulated by Martin Luther in fifteen hundred and seventeen.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, articulate · To what, where: principal grievance, fifteen hundred

This is exam question 3 of lesson 25 «Printing, the Renaissance and the Reformation» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 grievance	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 grievance	amod
4	grievance	grievance	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	articulated	articulate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 grievance	acl
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 Martin	case
7	Martin	Martin	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 articulated	obl:agent
8	Luther	Luther	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Martin	flat
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 hundred	case
10	fifteen	fifteen	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 hundred	compound
11	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 articulated	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 seventeen	cc
13	seventeen	seventeen	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 hundred	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the principal grievance					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grievance=Topic
2	articulate speech: other	participle		the principal grievance not said here		fifteen hundred			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The invasion of England by Spain and Portugal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 invasion	det
2	invasion	invasion	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 England	case
4	England	England	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 invasion	nmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 Spain	case
6	Spain	Spain	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 invasion	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 Portugal	cc
8	Portugal	Portugal	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Spain	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invade		Spain and Portugal	England					nom invasion «act transitive»: of=patient by=agent

Option 2

The building of the Sistine Chapel ceiling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 building	det
2	building	building	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	7 ceiling	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ceiling	det
5	Sistine	Sistine	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Chapel	compound
6	Chapel	Chapel	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 ceiling	compound
7	ceiling	ceiling	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 building	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

The taxation of tea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 taxation	det
2	taxation	taxation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 tea	case
4	tea	tea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 taxation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tax			tea					nom taxation «possession transitive»: of=patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The sale of forgiveness by the Church

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sale	det
2	sale	sale	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 forgiveness	case
4	forgiveness	forgiveness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sale	nmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 Church	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Church	det
7	Church	Church	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 sale	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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