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Test 3 · Space: from Sputnik to the Moon

Mia says Armstrong was the first person in space. What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mia, Armstrong · What happens: say, be · To what, where: first person, space · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 of lesson 35 «Space: from Sputnik to the Moon» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Mia says Armstrong was the first person in space.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Armstrong	Armstrong	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 person	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 person	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 person	det
6	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	7 person	amod
7	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	ccomp
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 space	case
9	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 person	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Mia						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	Armstrong	the first person		space			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Armstrong was first in space and also the first to walk on the Moon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Armstrong	Armstrong	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 space	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 space	cop
3	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 space	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 space	case
5	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 first	cc
7	also	also	ADV	_	9 first	advmod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 first	det
9	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 space	acl:relcl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 walk	mark
11	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 first	acl
12	on	on	ADP	_	14 Moon	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Moon	det
14	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 walk	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Armstrong			space		first property	tree rules
2	walk	to-infinitive				the Moon			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on moon=Trajectory

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Gagarin was first in space; Armstrong was first on the Moon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gagarin	Gagarin	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 space	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 space	cop
3	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 space	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 space	case
5	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 Moon	punct
7	Armstrong	Armstrong	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Moon	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 Moon	cop
9	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	12 Moon	advmod
10	on	on	ADP	_	12 Moon	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Moon	det
12	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 space	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Gagarin			space and the Moon		first property	tree rules
2	is	past	Armstrong			the Moon		first property	tree rules

Option 3

Laika was first on the Moon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Laika	Laika	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 was	nsubj
2	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	2 was	advmod
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 Moon	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Moon	det
6	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 was	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	Laika			the Moon		first property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on moon=Location

Option 4

Tereshkova was first on the Moon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tereshkova	Tereshkova	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 was	nsubj
2	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	2 was	advmod
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 Moon	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Moon	det
6	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 was	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	Tereshkova			the Moon		first property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on moon=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/35-space-from-sputnik-to-the-moon/t3/