Test 2 · ★ · Mesopotamia: wheels, laws and empires

mate says the wheel was the first thing ever invented, before farms even. true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, wheel · What happens: say, be, invent · To what, where: first thing · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 4 «Mesopotamia: wheels, laws and empires» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 wheel	det
4	wheel	wheel	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 thing	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 thing	cop
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 thing	det
7	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	8 thing	amod
8	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	ccomp
9	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	10 invented	advmod
10	invented	invent	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 thing	acl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 farms	punct
12	before	before	ADP	_	13 farms	case
13	farms	farm	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 thing	parataxis
14	even	even	ADV	_	16 true	advmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	16 true	punct
16	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 farms	amod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	mate			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	the wheel	the first thing		tree rules
3	invent	participle		the first thing not said here	ever	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No, the plane came first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 came	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 plane	det
4	plane	plane	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 came	nsubj
5	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 came	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	the plane					first property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

No, farming and towns came thousands of years earlier

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	3 farming	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 came	nsubj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 towns	cc
5	towns	town	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 farming	conj
6	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 came	obl:unmarked
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 years	case
9	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 thousands	nmod
10	earlier	early	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 came	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	farming and towns	thousands of years				early property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Yes, cavemen drove carts round on wooden wheels before they farmed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 drove	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	cavemen	caveman	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 drove	nsubj
4	drove	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	carts	cart	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 drove	obj
6	round	round	ADV	_	4 drove	advmod
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 wheels	case
8	wooden	wooden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 wheels	amod
9	wheels	wheel	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 drove	obl
10	before	before	SCONJ	_	12 farmed	mark
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 farmed	nsubj
12	farmed	farm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 drove	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive	past	cavemen	carts		wooden wheels		round property	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cart=Theme on wheel=Destination
2	farm	past	cavemen = caveman						vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Yes, wheels came before fire

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 came	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	wheels	wheel	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 came	nsubj
4	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	before	before	ADV	_	4 came	advmod
6	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 came	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	wheels					before property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/4-mesopotamia-wheels-laws-and-empires/t2/