Test 4 · ★★★ · Australia and New Zealand: a short story

Why might a country where people stole bread to survive be a strange start for a nation?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: people · What happens: steal, survive, be · To what, where: bread, strange start

This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 40 «Australia and New Zealand: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 country	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 country	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 country	det
4	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	7 stole	advmod
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 stole	nsubj
7	stole	steal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 country	acl:relcl
8	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 stole	obj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 survive	mark
10	survive	survive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 stole	xcomp
11	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	14 start	cop
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 start	det
13	strange	strange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 start	amod
14	start	start	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 survive	obj
15	for	for	ADP	_	17 nation	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 nation	det
17	nation	nation	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 start	nmod
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 country	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	steal	past	people	bread		tree rules
2	survive	to-infinitive	people not said here			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is a	infinitive		a strange start	for a nation	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The convicts stayed prisoners for ever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 convicts	det
2	convicts	convict	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stayed	nsubj
3	stayed	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	prisoners	prisoner	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stayed	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 ever	case
6	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	3 stayed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	past	the convicts	prisoners					vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme prisoner=Location

Option 2

Australia had no laws of any kind, so everybody could do just what they liked

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 laws	det
4	laws	law	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 had	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 kind	case
6	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 kind	det
7	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 laws	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 do	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	12 do	advmod
10	everybody	everybody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	12 do	nsubj
11	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 do	aux
12	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 had	conj
13	just	just	ADV	_	14 what	advmod
14	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	12 do	obj
15	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 liked	nsubj
16	liked	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 what	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	have	past	Australia	no laws of any kind	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Patient
2	do	could	everybody		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality
3	like	past	laws = law		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It began as a prison colony, yet convicts became free farmers and citizens

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 began	nsubj
2	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	as	as	ADP	_	6 colony	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 colony	det
5	prison	prison	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 colony	compound
6	colony	colony	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 began	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 became	punct
8	yet	yet	CCONJ	_	10 became	cc
9	convicts	convict	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 became	nsubj
10	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 began	parataxis
11	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 farmers	amod
12	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 became	xcomp
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 citizens	cc
14	citizens	citizen	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 farmers	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	past	It					as a prison colony	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	become	past	convicts	free farmers and citizens					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 4

It began as a holiday camp

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 began	nsubj
2	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	as	as	ADP	_	6 camp	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 camp	det
5	holiday	holiday	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 camp	compound
6	camp	camp	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 began	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	past	It					as a holiday camp	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/40-australia-and-new-zealand-a-short-story/t4/