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Test 6 · Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus

A cartoon shows Olha burning a town by tying fire to pigeons. Which is fairest?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: cartoon · What happens: show, burn, tie, be · To what, where: Olha, town, fire

This is test 6 of lesson 41 «Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cartoon shows Olha burning a town by tying fire to pigeons.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cartoon	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Olha	Olha	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 shows	obj
5	burning	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 shows	xcomp
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 town	det
7	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 burning	obj
8	by	by	SCONJ	_	9 tying	mark
9	tying	tie	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 burning	advcl
10	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 tying	obj
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 pigeons	case
12	pigeons	pigeon	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 tying	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	a cartoon	Olha					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent olha=Recipient clause=Topic
2	burn	gerund	a cartoon not said here	a town					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent town=Theme
3	tie	gerund	a cartoon not said here	fire				to pigeons	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent fire=Patient to pigeon=Co-Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is fairest?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 fairest	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fairest	cop
3	fairest	fair	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 fairest	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						fair property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Olha never existed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Olha	Olha	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 existed	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 existed	advmod
3	existed	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not exist	past	Olha						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It is filmed proof from 945

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 proof	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 proof	cop
3	filmed	film	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 proof	amod
4	proof	proof	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 945	case
6	945	945	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 proof	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	film	participle							vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	It	filmed proof		945			tree rules

Option 3

Women could not rule anywhere in those days, so the whole story of Olha is made up

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Women	woman	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 rule	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 rule	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 rule	advmod
4	rule	rule	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 rule	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 days	case
7	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	8 days	det
8	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 rule	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 made	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	17 made	advmod
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 story	det
12	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 story	amod
13	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 made	nsubj:pass
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 Olha	case
15	Olha	Olha	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 story	nmod
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 made	aux:pass
17	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 rule	ccomp
18	up	up	ADP	_	17 made	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not rule	could	Women				day	anywhere property	tree rules
2	make up	present · passive		the whole story of Olha					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

That story is a chronicle legend; that she ruled and reformed taxes is history

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 story	det
2	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 legend	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 legend	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 legend	det
5	chronicle	chronicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 legend	compound
6	legend	legend	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 history	parataxis
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 ruled	punct
8	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	10 ruled	nsubj
9	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 ruled	nsubj
10	ruled	rule	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 legend	parataxis
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 reformed	cc
12	reformed	reform	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 ruled	conj
13	taxes	tax	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 reformed	obj
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 history	cop
15	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	that story	a chronicle legend					tree rules
2	rule	past	that						vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	reform	past	that not said here	taxes					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent tax=Patient
4	is a	present		history					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/41-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus/t6/