Test 7 · Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks
Danylo says Cossacks were free and never served anyone. The teacher lists the registered Cossacks. Who's right?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Danylo, Cossacks, teacher · What happens: say, be, not serve, list, register · To what, where: anyone, registered Cossacks · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 7 of lesson 43 «Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Danylo says Cossacks were free and never served anyone.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Danylo | Danylo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 says | nsubj |
| 2 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Cossacks | Cossack | PROPN | Number=Plur | 5 free | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 free | cop |
| 5 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 says | ccomp |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 served | cc |
| 7 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 8 served | advmod |
| 8 | served | serve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 free | conj |
| 9 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 8 served | obj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Danylo | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | past | Cossacks | free property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | not serve | past | Cossacks not said here | anyone | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: The teacher lists the registered Cossacks.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 teacher | det |
| 2 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lists | nsubj |
| 3 | lists | list | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Cossacks | det |
| 5 | registered | register | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 Cossacks | amod |
| 6 | Cossacks | Cossack | PROPN | Number=Plur | 3 lists | obj |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lists | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | list | present | the teacher | the registered Cossacks | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | register | participle | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
Sentence 3: Who's right?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 3 right | nsubj |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 right | cop |
| 3 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 right | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | right property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Only Danylo
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 2 Danylo | advmod |
| 2 | Danylo | Danylo | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
Both: they valued freedom and also made paid deals with kings
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 valued | obl |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 1 Both | punct |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 valued | nsubj |
| 4 | valued | value | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | freedom | freedom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 valued | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 made | cc |
| 7 | also | also | ADV | _ | 8 made | advmod |
| 8 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 valued | conj |
| 9 | paid | pay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 deals | amod |
| 10 | deals | deal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 made | obj |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 kings | case |
| 12 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 made | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | value | past | they | Both | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer freedom=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | make | past | they not said here | paid deals | with kings | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset deal=Product | |||
| 3 | pay | participle | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
Option 3
Only the teacher, they had no freedom
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 3 teacher | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 teacher | det |
| 3 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 had | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 teacher | punct |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 had | nsubj |
| 6 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 8 freedom | det |
| 8 | freedom | freedom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 had | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the teacher | no freedom | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent freedom=Patient |
Option 4
Neither, Cossacks never existed
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Neither | neither | ADV | _ | 5 existed | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Neither | punct |
| 3 | Cossacks | cossack | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 existed | nsubj |
| 4 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 existed | advmod |
| 5 | existed | exist | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not exist | past | Cossacks | neither property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/t7/