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Test 9 · Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks

Danylo says a Ukrainian girl ruled the Ottoman Empire. What's the right word?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Danylo, Ukrainian girl, right word · What happens: say, rule, be · To what, where: Ottoman Empire · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 of lesson 43 «Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Danylo says a Ukrainian girl ruled the Ottoman Empire.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 girl	det
4	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 girl	amod
5	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ruled	nsubj
6	ruled	rule	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Empire	det
8	Ottoman	Ottoman	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Empire	compound
9	Empire	Empire	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 ruled	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Danylo						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	rule	past	a Ukrainian girl	the Ottoman Empire					vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent empire=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's the right word?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 word	det
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 word	amod
5	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the right word						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Hetman: she led the Cossacks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hetman	hetman	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 led	obl:unmarked
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Hetman	punct
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 led	nsubj
4	led	lead	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Cossacks	det
6	Cossacks	Cossack	PROPN	Number=Plur	4 led	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lead	past	she	Hetman					vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cossack=Theme

Option 2

Sultan: she ruled alone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sultan	sultan	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ruled	obl:unmarked
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Sultan	punct
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 ruled	nsubj
4	ruled	rule	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	alone	alone	ADV	_	4 ruled	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rule	past	she	Sultan				alone property	vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Nothing: she was never there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 there	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 there	cop
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	6 there	advmod
6	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	1 Nothing	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	past	she					there property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Influential: she had great power at court but did not rule

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Influential	influential	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 had	advcl
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Influential	punct
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 had	nsubj
4	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 power	amod
6	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 had	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 court	case
8	court	court	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 had	obl
9	but	but	CCONJ	_	12 rule	cc
10	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 rule	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 rule	advmod
12	rule	rule	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 had	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	she	great power		court			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient
2	not rule	past · do-support	she not said here						vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/t9/