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Test 12 · Two empires and Shevchenko

Danylo says Hrushevsky proved Ukraine is older than Russia. What do historians do?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Danylo, Hrushevsky, Ukraine, historians · What happens: say, prove, be, do · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 of lesson 45 «Two empires and Shevchenko» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Danylo says Hrushevsky proved Ukraine is older than Russia.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Danylo	Danylo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Hrushevsky	Hrushevsky	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 proved	nsubj
4	proved	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
5	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 older	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 older	cop
7	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 proved	ccomp
8	than	than	ADP	_	9 Russia	case
9	Russia	Russia	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 older	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Danylo						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	prove	past	Hrushevsky						vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	Ukraine					than Russia; old property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do historians do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 do	obj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 do	aux
3	historians	historian	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 do	nsubj
4	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present · do-support	historians						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

They copy the chronicle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 copy	nsubj
2	copy	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 chronicle	det
4	chronicle	chronicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 copy	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	present	They	the chronicle					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chronicle=Theme

Option 2

They vote on the answer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 vote	nsubj
2	vote	vote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 answer	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 answer	det
5	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 vote	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	vote	present	They			the answer			vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They argue with evidence, as Hrushevsky did

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 argue	nsubj
2	argue	argue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	4 evidence	case
4	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 argue	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 did	punct
6	as	as	SCONJ	_	8 did	mark
7	Hrushevsky	Hrushevsky	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 did	nsubj
8	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 argue	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	argue speech: disagree	present	They					with evidence	vn chit_chat-37.6-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with evidence=Co-Agent
2	do	past	Hrushevsky						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

They prove things like maths sums

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 prove	nsubj
2	prove	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 prove	obj
4	like	like	ADP	_	6 sums	case
5	maths	math	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 sums	compound
6	sums	sum	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 things	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	present	They	things				like maths sums	vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/45-two-empires-and-shevchenko/t12/