Test 3 · Two empires and Shevchenko

If Shevchenko had never been bought out of serfdom, what would most likely happen?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: serfdom · What happens: not buy out, happen · To what, where: Shevchenko, serfdom

This is test 3 of lesson 45 «Two empires and Shevchenko» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	6 bought	mark
2	Shevchenko	Shevchenko	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 bought	nsubj:pass
3	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 bought	aux
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	6 bought	advmod
5	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 bought	aux:pass
6	bought	buy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	out	out	ADP	_	9 serfdom	case
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 serfdom	case
9	serfdom	serfdom	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bought	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 happen	punct
11	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	15 happen	nsubj
12	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 happen	aux
13	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	14 likely	advmod
14	likely	likely	ADV	_	15 happen	advmod
15	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 serfdom	acl:relcl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 bought	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not buy out	past · perfect · passive		Shevchenko		serfdom			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary serfdom=Theme
2	happen	would	serfdom					likely property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He would have ruled Austria

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 ruled	nsubj:pass
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 ruled	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 ruled	aux
4	ruled	rule	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	Austria	Austria	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 ruled	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rule	would · perfect · passive		He					vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme austria=Result

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

He would have stayed owned by a landowner, with little chance to study art

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 stayed	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 stayed	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 stayed	aux
4	stayed	stay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	owned	own	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 stayed	conj
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 landowner	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 landowner	det
8	landowner	landowner	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 owned	obl:agent
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 chance	punct
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 chance	case
11	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 chance	amod
12	chance	chance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stayed	parataxis
13	to	to	PART	_	14 study	mark
14	study	study	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 chance	acl
15	art	art	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 study	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	stay	would · perfect	He		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	own	participle	He not said here		vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot
3	study	to-infinitive	He not said here	art	vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent art=Topic

Option 3

Nothing would change, because serfs could already study wherever they wished

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 change	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 change	aux
3	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 study	punct
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 study	mark
6	serfs	serf	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 study	nsubj
7	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 study	aux
8	already	already	ADV	_	9 study	advmod
9	study	study	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 change	parataxis
10	wherever	wherever	ADV	PronType=Int	12 wished	advmod
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 wished	nsubj
12	wished	wish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 study	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	change	would	Nothing		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	study	could	serfs		vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	wish	past	serfs = serf	wherever property	vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot

Option 4

He would have become tsar

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 become	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 become	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 become	aux
4	become	become	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	tsar	tsar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 become	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	would · perfect	He	tsar					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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