Exam question 1 · Chornobyl and independence in 1991

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the accession of Ukraine to independence in nineteen hundred and ninety-one?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: Ukraine · What happens: follow, characteris, accede · To what, where: accession, nineteen hundred

This is exam question 1 of lesson 48 «Chornobyl and independence in 1991» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Which	nmod
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 accession	det
10	accession	accession	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 Ukraine	case
12	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 accession	nmod
13	to	to	ADP	_	14 independence	case
14	independence	independence	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 hundred	case
16	nineteen	nineteen	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	17 hundred	compound
17	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 characterises	obl
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 ninety	cc
19	ninety	ninety	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	17 hundred	conj
20	-	-	PUNCT	_	19 ninety	punct
21	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	17 hundred	flat
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the accession of Ukraine	nineteen hundred	to independence; accurately property	tree rules
3	accede		Ukraine				nom accession «process intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It was rejected by a majority of voters in every region

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 rejected	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 rejected	aux:pass
3	rejected	reject	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 majority	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 majority	det
6	majority	majority	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rejected	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 voters	case
8	voters	voter	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 majority	nmod
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 region	case
10	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	11 region	det
11	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rejected	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reject	past · passive	a majority of voters	It		every region			vn reject-77.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 2

It was conferred by the United Nations without a vote

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 conferred	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 conferred	aux:pass
3	conferred	confer	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 Nations	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Nations	det
6	United	United	PROPN	_	7 Nations	compound
7	Nations	Nation	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 conferred	obl
8	without	without	ADP	_	10 vote	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 vote	det
10	vote	vote	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 conferred	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confer	past · passive	the United Nations	It				without a vote	tree rules

Option 3

It was achieved through a prolonged war against the Soviet army lasting nearly a decade and costing many lives

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 achieved	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 achieved	aux:pass
3	achieved	achieve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	through	through	ADP	_	7 war	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 war	det
6	prolonged	prolong	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 war	amod
7	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 achieved	obl
8	against	against	ADP	_	11 army	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 army	det
10	Soviet	Soviet	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 army	compound
11	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 war	nmod
12	lasting	last	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 achieved	advcl
13	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	15 decade	advmod
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 decade	det
15	decade	decade	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 lasting	obj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 costing	cc
17	costing	cost	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 lasting	conj
18	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 lives	amod
19	lives	life	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 costing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	achieve	past · passive	It	a prolonged war against the Soviet army		vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
2	prolong	participle				vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent
3	last	gerund			decade	vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
4	cost	gerund	many lives			vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme life=Value

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It was declared by parliament and confirmed by a referendum in which over ninety per cent voted in favour

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 declared	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 declared	aux:pass
3	declared	declare	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 parliament	case
5	parliament	parliament	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 declared	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 confirmed	cc
7	confirmed	confirm	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 declared	conj
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 referendum	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 referendum	det
10	referendum	referendum	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 confirmed	obl
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 which	case
12	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 voted	obl
13	over	over	ADP	_	16 cent	case
14	ninety	ninety	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 cent	nummod
15	per	per	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 cent	compound
16	cent	cent	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 voted	obl
17	voted	vote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 referendum	acl:relcl
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 favour	case
19	favour	favour	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 voted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	declare speech: other	past · passive	parliament	It			vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Attribute
2	confirm	participle	parliament not said here			by a referendum	vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	vote	past			a referendum	over ninety per cent; in favour	vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991/e1/