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Test 9 · Chornobyl and independence in 1991

«Ukraine had the 3rd-biggest nuclear army and could nuke anyone». What's more exact?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Ukraine · What happens: have, nuke, be · To what, where: 3rd biggest nuclear army, anyone

This is test 9 of lesson 48 «Chornobyl and independence in 1991» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «Ukraine had the 3rd-biggest nuclear army and could nuke anyone».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct
2	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 army	det
5	3rd	3rd	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord	9 army	amod
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 3rd	punct
7	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 army	amod
8	nuclear	nuclear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 army	amod
9	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 nuke	cc
11	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 nuke	aux
12	nuke	nuke	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 had	conj
13	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	12 nuke	obj
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 nuke	punct
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have in a quote	past	Ukraine	the 3rd biggest nuclear army					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent army=Patient
2	nuke in a quote	could	Ukraine not said here	anyone					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's more exact?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 exact	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 exact	cop
3	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 exact	advmod
4	exact	exact	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 exact	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						exact property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Ukraine built them all itself in secret factories near Dnipro and Kharkiv

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 built	nsubj
2	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 built	obj
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 itself	reparandum
5	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 built	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 factories	case
7	secret	secret	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 factories	amod
8	factories	factory	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 built	obl
9	near	near	ADP	_	10 Dnipro	case
10	Dnipro	Dnipro	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 factories	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 Kharkiv	cc
12	Kharkiv	Kharkiv	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Dnipro	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	past	Ukraine	them = they		secret factories near Dnipro and Kharkiv		itself = it obl	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Product

Option 2

It used them in 1993

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 used	nsubj
2	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 used	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 1993	case
5	1993	1993	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 used	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	past	It	them = they		1993			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient

Option 3

Ukraine never had any

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 had	advmod
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	3 had	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not have	past	Ukraine	any					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent any=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The weapons were on its soil, but Moscow held the launch controls

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 weapons	det
2	weapons	weapon	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 soil	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 soil	cop
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 soil	case
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 soil	nmod:poss
6	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 held	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 held	cc
9	Moscow	Moscow	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 held	nsubj
10	held	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 soil	acl:relcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 controls	det
12	launch	launch	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 controls	compound
13	controls	control	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 held	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the weapons			its soil			tree rules
2	hold	past	Moscow	the launch controls					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent control=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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