Test 7 · China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties
A cartoon shows Laozi living to 200 and riding an ox to the stars. What is closer to history?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: cartoon · What happens: show, live, ride, be · To what, where: Laozi, ox, stars
This is test 7 of lesson 51 «China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A cartoon shows Laozi living to 200 and riding an ox to the stars.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 cartoon | det |
| 2 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shows | nsubj |
| 3 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | Laozi | Laozi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 shows | obj |
| 5 | living | live | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 shows | xcomp |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 200 | case |
| 7 | 200 | 200 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 living | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 riding | cc |
| 9 | riding | ride | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 living | conj |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 ox | det |
| 11 | ox | ox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 riding | obj |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 stars | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 stars | det |
| 14 | stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 riding | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 shows | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | a cartoon | Laozi | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent laozi=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | live | gerund | a cartoon not said here | to 200 | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | ride | gerund | a cartoon not said here | a ox | the stars | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent ox=Theme to star=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is closer to history?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 closer | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 closer | cop |
| 3 | closer | close | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 history | case |
| 5 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 closer | obl |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 closer | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | to history; close property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
He was a Shang king
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 king | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 king | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 king | det |
| 4 | Shang | Shang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 king | compound |
| 5 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | He | a Shang king | tree rules |
Option 2
He never wrote anything at all
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 wrote | nsubj |
| 2 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 3 wrote | advmod |
| 3 | wrote | write | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 3 wrote | obj |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 all | case |
| 6 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 wrote | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not write | past | He | anything | all | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Theme |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The book is real; his long life is a legend
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 book | det |
| 2 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 real | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 real | cop |
| 4 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 legend | punct |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 life | nmod:poss |
| 7 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 life | amod |
| 8 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 legend | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 legend | cop |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 legend | det |
| 11 | legend | legend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 real | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the book | real property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | his long life | a legend | tree rules |
Option 4
He really lived 200 years, and the ox is in a museum
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 lived | nsubj |
| 2 | really | really | ADV | _ | 3 lived | advmod |
| 3 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | 200 | 200 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 years | nummod |
| 5 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 lived | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 museum | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 museum | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 ox | det |
| 9 | ox | ox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 museum | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 museum | cop |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 museum | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 museum | det |
| 13 | museum | museum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lived | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | He | year | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the ox | a museum | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/t7/