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Test 8 · China: the four great inventions

A cartoon shows Zhang Heng's machine measuring how strong an earthquake was. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: cartoon, machine, earthquake · What happens: show, measure, be · To what, where: machine

This is test 8 of lesson 53 «China: the four great inventions» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cartoon shows Zhang Heng's machine measuring how strong an earthquake was.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cartoon	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Zhang	Zhang	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 machine	nmod:poss
5	Heng	Heng	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Zhang	flat
6	's	's	PART	_	4 Zhang	case
7	machine	machine	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	obj
8	measuring	measure	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 machine	acl
9	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	10 strong	advmod
10	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 measuring	ccomp
11	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 earthquake	det
12	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 strong	nsubj
13	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 strong	cop
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	a cartoon	Zhang's machine					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent machine=Recipient
2	measure	gerund	Zhang's machine not said here						vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
3	is	past	a earthquake					strong property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

It showed nothing at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 showed	nsubj
2	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 showed	obj
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 all	case
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 nothing	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	past	It	nothing		all			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent nothing=Recipient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It showed the direction, not the strength

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 showed	nsubj
2	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 direction	det
4	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 showed	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 strength	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 strength	advmod
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 strength	det
8	strength	strength	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 direction	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	past	It	the direction and the strength					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent direction=Recipient

Option 3

Nothing is wrong

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Nothing					wrong property	tree rules

Option 4

It measured the weather

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 measured	nsubj
2	measured	measure	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 weather	det
4	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 measured	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	measure	past	It	the weather					vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme weather=Value

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/t8/