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Test 8 · ★ · China: the Qing and the Opium Wars

A cartoon shows Cixi as a pure villain who sank the navy with a boat. What do historians say?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: cartoon, pure villain, historians · What happens: show, sink, say · To what, where: Cixi, navy · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 57 «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cartoon shows Cixi as a pure villain who sank the navy with a boat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cartoon	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Cixi	Cixi	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 shows	obj
5	as	as	ADP	_	8 villain	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 villain	det
7	pure	pure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 villain	amod
8	villain	villain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	obl
9	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 sank	nsubj
10	sank	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 villain	acl:relcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 navy	det
12	navy	navy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sank	obj
13	with	with	ADP	_	15 boat	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 boat	det
15	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sank	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	a cartoon		Cixi			as a pure villain	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent cixi=Recipient
2	sink	past	a pure villain	the navy				with a boat	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent navy=Patient with boat=Instrument

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do historians say?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 say	obj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 say	aux
3	historians	historian	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 say	nsubj
4	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present · do-support	historians						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1

She was a cartoon only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 cartoon	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cartoon	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 cartoon	det
4	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	only	only	ADV	_	4 cartoon	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	She	a cartoon					tree rules

Option 2

She never had any power

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 had	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 had	advmod
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	5 power	det
5	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not have	past	She	any power					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

She was a clever, powerful ruler; how much the navy suffered is debated

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 ruler	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 ruler	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 ruler	det
4	clever	clever	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ruler	amod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 clever	punct
6	powerful	powerful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ruler	amod
7	ruler	ruler	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 debated	nsubj:pass
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 much	punct
9	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	10 much	advmod
10	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ruler	nmod
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 navy	det
12	navy	navy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 much	nsubj
13	suffered	suffer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 ruler	cop
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 debated	aux:pass
15	debated	debate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	She	a clever powerful ruler				much nmod	tree rules
2	debate	present · passive		a clever powerful ruler					vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent

Option 4

She built a real warship out of marble and sailed it against Japan herself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 built	nsubj
2	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 warship	det
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 warship	amod
5	warship	warship	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 built	obj
6	out	out	ADP	_	8 marble	case
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 marble	case
8	marble	marble	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 built	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 sailed	cc
10	sailed	sail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 built	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 sailed	obj
12	against	against	ADP	_	13 Japan	case
13	Japan	Japan	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 sailed	obl
14	herself	herself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	10 sailed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	past	She	a real warship		marble			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent warship=Product
2	sail	past	She not said here	warship				against Japan; Japan obl	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme it=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/t8/