Test 9 · ★ · China: the Qing and the Opium Wars
Mei: «China always beat Japan». What happened in 1894–1895?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mei · What happens: beat, happen · To what, where: Japan, 1894
This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 57 «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Mei: «China always beat Japan».
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mei | Mei | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 beat | nsubj |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 1 Mei | punct |
| 3 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 China | punct |
| 4 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Mei | nmod |
| 5 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 6 beat | advmod |
| 6 | beat | beat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | Japan | Japan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 beat | obj |
| 8 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 7 Japan | punct |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 beat | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | beat in a quote | past | Mei China | Japan | always property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location japan=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What happened in 1894–1895?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 2 happened | nsubj |
| 2 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 1894 | case |
| 4 | 1894 | 1894 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 happened | obl |
| 5 | – | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 1895 | punct |
| 6 | 1895 | 1895 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 1894 | conj |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 happened | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past | 1894 | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in 1894=Location |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
China took Tokyo
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 took | nsubj |
| 2 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Tokyo | Tokyo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 took | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | China | Tokyo | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument tokyo=Destination |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
Japan won and took Taiwan
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Japan | Japan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 won | nsubj |
| 2 | won | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 took | cc |
| 4 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 won | conj |
| 5 | Taiwan | Taiwan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 took | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | win | past | Japan | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | take | past | Japan not said here | Taiwan | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument taiwan=Destination |
Option 3
Nobody fought
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 2 fought | nsubj |
| 2 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | past | Nobody | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
They both lost to Britain
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 lost | nsubj |
| 2 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 lost | nsubj |
| 3 | lost | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 Britain | case |
| 5 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 lost | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lose | past | They | Britain | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/t9/