Exam question 4 · Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and hieroglyphs

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the purpose of mummification.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts, mummification · What happens: select, establish, concern, purpose · To what, where: response, purpose

This is exam question 4 of lesson 6 «Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and hieroglyphs» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 purpose	det
11	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 mummification	case
13	mummification	mummification	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 purpose	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the purpose of mummification		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus purpose=Experiencer
4	purpose		mummification			nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It was prescribed solely for animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 prescribed	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 prescribed	aux:pass
3	prescribed	prescribe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 prescribed	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 animals	case
6	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 prescribed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prescribe	past · passive		It				for animals; solely property	tree rules

Option 2

It served as a deterrent to robbers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 served	nsubj
2	served	serve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	as	as	ADP	_	5 deterrent	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 deterrent	det
5	deterrent	deterrent	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 served	obl
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 robbers	case
7	robbers	robber	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 served	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	serve	past	It					as a deterrent; to robbers	vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as deterrent=Attribute

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The body was believed to be required in the afterlife

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 body	det
2	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 believed	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 believed	aux:pass
4	believed	believe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	7 required	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 required	aux:pass
7	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 believed	xcomp
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 afterlife	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 afterlife	det
10	afterlife	afterlife	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 required	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	believe	past · passive		the body					tree rules
2	require	to-infinitive · passive				the afterlife			vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»

Option 4

It was a means of preparing food for the gods

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 means	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 means	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 preparing	mark
6	preparing	prepare	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 means	advcl
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 preparing	obj
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 gods	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 gods	det
10	gods	god	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 preparing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	It					mean property	tree rules
2	prepare	gerund		food				for the gods	vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent food=Product for god=Beneficiary

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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