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Test 7 · ★★★ · China: Mei's exaggerations and everyday China

The teacher says English is the most spoken; Mei says Mandarin. Who wins?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: teacher, Mei · What happens: say, speak, win · To what, where: English · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 · ★★★ of lesson 60 «China: Mei's exaggerations and everyday China» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: The teacher says English is the most spoken; Mei says Mandarin.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 spoken	nsubj:pass
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 spoken	aux:pass
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 spoken	det
7	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	8 spoken	advmod
8	spoken	speak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 says	ccomp
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 says	punct
10	Mei	Mei	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 says	nsubj
11	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	parataxis
12	Mandarin	Mandarin	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 says	nsubj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	the teacher						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	speak speech: other	present · passive		English					tree rules
3	say speech: assert	present	Mei						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Who wins?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	2 wins	nsubj
2	wins	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 wins	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	present							vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Only the teacher, because English has the most native speakers by far

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 teacher	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 teacher	det
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 has	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 has	punct
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 has	mark
6	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 has	nsubj
7	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 speakers	det
9	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	10 native	advmod
10	native	native	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 speakers	amod
11	speakers	speaker	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 has	obj
12	by	by	ADP	_	13 far	case
13	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 has	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	the teacher	the native speakers					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speaker=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Both, by different measures: total speakers and native speakers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	5 measures	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 measures	punct
3	by	by	ADP	_	5 measures	case
4	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 measures	amod
5	measures	measure	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 speakers	punct
7	total	total	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 speakers	amod
8	speakers	speaker	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 measures	conj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 speakers	cc
10	native	native	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 speakers	amod
11	speakers	speaker	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 measures	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

Only Mei, because Mandarin is first by every measure

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	2 Mei	advmod
2	Mei	Mei	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 first	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Mandarin	punct
4	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	5 Mandarin	case
5	Mandarin	Mandarin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Mei	conj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 first	cop
7	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	root	root
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 measure	case
9	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	10 measure	det
10	measure	measure	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 first	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Mei and Mandarin					by every measure; first property	tree rules

Option 4

Neither of them: Latin still has the most speakers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	7 has	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 them	case
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Neither	nmod
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 has	punct
5	Latin	Latin	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 has	nsubj
6	still	still	ADV	_	7 has	advmod
7	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 speakers	det
9	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 speakers	amod
10	speakers	speaker	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Neither	the most speakers			still		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speaker=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/60-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china/t7/