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Test 8 · How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline

Kai's friend says everyone copied farming from Mesopotamia. What would Kai say?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: friend, everyone, Kai · What happens: say, copy · To what, where: farming, Mesopotamia · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 of lesson 61 «How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Kai's friend says everyone copied farming from Mesopotamia.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kai	Kai	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 friend	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Kai	case
3	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	6 copied	nsubj
6	copied	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 says	ccomp
7	farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 copied	obj
8	from	from	ADP	_	9 Mesopotamia	case
9	Mesopotamia	Mesopotamia	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 copied	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Kai's friend						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	copy	past	everyone	farming		Mesopotamia			vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent farming=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would Kai say?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 say	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 say	aux
3	Kai	Kai	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 say	nsubj
4	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	would	Kai						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1

Correct, nobody else on Earth ever thought of planting seeds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Correct	correct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 nobody	amod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Correct	punct
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	8 thought	nsubj
4	else	else	ADV	_	3 nobody	advmod
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 Earth	case
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 nobody	nmod
7	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	8 thought	advmod
8	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 seeds	case
10	planting	planting	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 seeds	compound
11	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 thought	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	past	nobody				ever	of planting seeds	vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Nah, everyone copied farming from the Romans, not Mesopotamia

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nah	nah	INTJ	_	4 copied	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nah	punct
3	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	4 copied	nsubj
4	copied	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	farming	farm	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 copied	xcomp
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 Romans	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Romans	det
8	Romans	Roman	PROPN	Number=Plur	5 farming	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 Mesopotamia	punct
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 Mesopotamia	advmod
11	Mesopotamia	Mesopotamia	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 copied	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	past	everyone	Mesopotamia					tree rules
2	farm	gerund	everyone not said here			the Romans			vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Nah, at least half a dozen peoples started farming on their own

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nah	nah	INTJ	_	9 started	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nah	punct
3	at	at	ADP	_	4 least	case
4	least	least	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 dozen	nmod
5	half	half	DET	NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind	7 dozen	det:predet
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 dozen	det
7	dozen	dozen	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 peoples	nummod
8	peoples	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 started	nsubj
9	started	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	farming	farm	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 started	xcomp
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 own	case
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 own	nmod:poss
13	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 farming	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	past	dozen peoples						vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	farm	gerund	dozen peoples not said here			peoples's own			vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Nah, farming came first from Australia and spread from there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nah	nah	INTJ	_	4 came	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nah	punct
3	farming	farming	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 came	nsubj
4	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 came	advmod
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 Australia	case
7	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 came	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 spread	cc
9	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 came	conj
10	from	from	ADP	_	11 there	case
11	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	9 spread	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	farming			Australia		first property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from australia=Initial_Location
2	spread	past	farming not said here						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/61-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline/t8/