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Test 10 · ★ · Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks a…

Gran says without her glasses she'd have stopped reading years ago. What did glasses change?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Gran, glasses · What happens: say, stop, read, change · To what, where: glasses · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 62 «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Gran says without her glasses she'd have stopped reading years ago.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gran	Gran	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	without	without	ADP	_	5 glasses	case
4	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 glasses	nmod:poss
5	glasses	glass	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 says	obl
6	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 stopped	nsubj
7	'd	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 stopped	aux
8	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 stopped	aux
9	stopped	stop	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 glasses	acl:relcl
10	reading	read	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 stopped	xcomp
11	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 ago	obl:unmarked
12	ago	ago	ADV	_	10 reading	advmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Gran					without Gran's glasses	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	stop	would · perfect	Gran	Gran's glasses not said here					tree rules
3	read	gerund	Gran not said here					ago property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What did glasses change?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 change	obj
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 change	aux
3	glasses	glass	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 change	nsubj
4	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 change	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	past · do-support	glasses						vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Nobody needed to read any more after the year 1300

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 needed	nsubj
2	needed	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 read	mark
4	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 needed	xcomp
5	any	any	ADV	_	6 more	advmod
6	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 read	advmod
7	after	after	ADP	_	9 year	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 year	det
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 read	obl
10	1300	1300	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 year	flat

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	past	Nobody						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	read not said to happen	to-infinitive	Nobody not said here				year		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Children no longer needed school to learn their letters

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 needed	nsubj
2	no	no	ADV	_	3 longer	advmod
3	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 needed	advmod
4	needed	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 needed	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 learn	mark
7	learn	learn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 needed	advcl
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 letters	nmod:poss
9	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 learn	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	past	Children	school				long property	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot school=Theme
2	learn	to-infinitive	Children not said here	Children's letters					vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Topic
3	letter		Children = child						nom letter «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

Everyone could see through walls and far into the night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	3 see	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 see	aux
3	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	through	through	ADP	_	5 walls	case
5	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 see	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 far	cc
7	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 see	conj
8	into	into	ADP	_	10 night	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 night	det
10	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 far	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	could	Everyone			walls			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

People could keep reading and doing fine work after 40

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 keep	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 keep	aux
3	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	reading	read	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 keep	xcomp
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 doing	cc
6	doing	do	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 reading	conj
7	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 work	amod
8	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 doing	obj
9	after	after	ADP	_	10 40	case
10	40	40	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 doing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	could	People						tree rules
2	read	gerund	People not said here						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	do	gerund	People not said here	fine work			after 40		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/t10/