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Test 9 · ★ · Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks a…

Freddie's dad says before railways every town had its own time. Why did trains care?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: dad, town, trains · What happens: say, have, care · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 62 «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Freddie's dad says before railways every town had its own time.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Freddie	Freddie	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 dad	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Freddie	case
3	dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	before	before	ADP	_	6 railways	case
6	railways	railway	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 says	obl
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	8 town	det
8	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 had	nsubj
9	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 says	ccomp
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 time	nmod:poss
11	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 time	amod
12	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 had	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Freddie's dad				before railways		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	have	past	every town				time		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why did trains care?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 care	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 care	aux
3	trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 care	nsubj
4	care	care	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 care	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	care	past · do-support	trains						vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Trains could only go fast at exactly noon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 go	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 go	aux
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 go	advmod
4	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 go	advmod
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 noon	case
7	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	8 noon	advmod
8	noon	noon	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 go	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	could	Trains				noon	fast property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Trains only ran at night when it was cool

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 ran	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 ran	advmod
3	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 night	case
5	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ran	obl
6	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	9 cool	advmod
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 cool	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 cool	cop
9	cool	cool	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 ran	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	past	Trains				night		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	past	it					cool property	tree rules

Option 3

Trains ran on sundials, so they needed sunshine

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trains	train	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ran	nsubj
2	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	4 sundials	case
4	sundials	sundial	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ran	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 needed	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	8 needed	advmod
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 needed	nsubj
8	needed	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 ran	conj
9	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 needed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	past	Trains			sundials			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on sundial=Trajectory
2	need	past	Trains = train	sunshine					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot sunshine=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Timetables need everyone to agree the time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Timetables	timetable	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 need	nsubj
2	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	2 need	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 agree	mark
5	agree	agree	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 need	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 time	det
7	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 agree	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	Timetables	everyone					tree rules
2	agree speech: agree not said to happen	to-infinitive	everyone not said here				time		vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/t9/