Exam question 1 · Light, machines and medicine: how the last 250 years chang…
Identify the persons who developed penicillin into a usable medicine during the nineteen-forties.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, persons · What happens: identify, develop · To what, where: persons, penicillin, usable medicine
This is exam question 1 of lesson 65 «Light, machines and medicine: how the last 250 years changed a normal day» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Identify | identify | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 persons | det |
| 3 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Identify | obj |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 developed | nsubj |
| 5 | developed | develop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 persons | acl:relcl |
| 6 | penicillin | penicillin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 developed | obj |
| 7 | into | into | ADP | _ | 10 medicine | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 medicine | det |
| 9 | usable | usable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 medicine | amod |
| 10 | medicine | medicine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 developed | obl |
| 11 | during | during | ADP | _ | 15 forties | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 forties | det |
| 13 | nineteen | nineteen | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 forties | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 nineteen | punct |
| 15 | forties | forty | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 developed | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Identify | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | identify | imperative | you not said here | the persons | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent person=Theme | ||||
| 2 | develop | past | the persons | penicillin | a usable medicine | during the nineteen forties | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent penicillin=Material into medicine=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Alexander Fleming alone, within a single day
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Alexander | Alexander | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | Fleming | Fleming | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Alexander | flat |
| 3 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 1 Alexander | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Alexander | punct |
| 5 | within | within | ADP | _ | 8 day | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 day | det |
| 7 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 day | amod |
| 8 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Alexander | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
Howard Florey, Ernst Chain and their colleagues
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Howard | Howard | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | Florey | Florey | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Howard | flat |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 Chain | punct |
| 4 | Ernst | Ernst | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Chain | compound |
| 5 | Chain | Chain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Howard | conj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 colleagues | cc |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 colleagues | nmod:poss |
| 8 | colleagues | colleague | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Howard | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
Edward Jenner and Onesimus
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Edward | Edward | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Jenner | compound |
| 2 | Jenner | Jenner | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 Onesimus | cc |
| 4 | Onesimus | Onesimus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Jenner | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
Karl Benz and Henry Ford
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Karl | Karl | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | Benz | Benz | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Karl | flat |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 Henry | cc |
| 4 | Henry | Henry | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Karl | conj |
| 5 | Ford | Ford | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Henry | flat |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/65-light-machines-and-medicine-how-the-last-250-years-changed-a-normal-day/e1/