Test 11 · ★★ · Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies
In EU4 you pick monarchy or republic from a menu. How did real republics usually begin?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, real republics · What happens: pick, do, begin · To what, where: monarchy, EU4
This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 67 «Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In EU4 you pick monarchy or republic from a menu.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 EU4 | case |
| 2 | EU4 | EU4 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 pick | obl |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 pick | nsubj |
| 4 | pick | pick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | monarchy | monarchy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 pick | obj |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 7 republic | cc |
| 7 | republic | republic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 monarchy | conj |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 menu | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 menu | det |
| 10 | menu | menu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 pick | obl |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 pick | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pick | present | you | monarchy or republic | EU4 | from a menu | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent monarchy=Theme from menu=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: How did real republics usually begin?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 2 did | advmod |
| 2 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 republics | amod |
| 4 | republics | republic | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 begin | nsubj |
| 5 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 6 begin | advmod |
| 6 | begin | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 did | ccomp |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 did | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | past | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | begin | present | real republics | usually property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Through long struggles and revolutions
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Through | through | ADP | _ | 3 struggles | case |
| 2 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 struggles | amod |
| 3 | struggles | struggle | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 revolutions | cc |
| 5 | revolutions | revolution | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 struggles | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
By a king clicking one button on a menu
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 3 king | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 king | det |
| 3 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | clicking | click | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 king | acl |
| 5 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 button | nummod |
| 6 | button | button | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 clicking | obj |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 menu | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 menu | det |
| 9 | menu | menu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 clicking | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | click | gerund | a king not said here | one button | on a menu | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent button=Instrument on menu=Patient |
Option 3
By a king's birthday wish to his people
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 6 wish | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 king | det |
| 3 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 wish | nmod:poss |
| 4 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 3 king | case |
| 5 | birthday | birthday | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 wish | compound |
| 6 | wish | wish | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 people | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 people | nmod:poss |
| 9 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 wish | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wish | a king | to king's people | nom wish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent to=obl |
Option 4
By winning a big football match
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | SCONJ | _ | 2 winning | mark |
| 2 | winning | win | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 match | det |
| 4 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 match | amod |
| 5 | football | football | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 match | compound |
| 6 | match | match | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 winning | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | win | gerund | a big football match | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent match=Eventuality |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies/t11/