Exam question 3 · Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through time

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises military service for much of history?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: military service

This is exam question 3 of lesson 68 «Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through time» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	military	military	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 service	amod
10	service	service	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	for	for	ADP	_	12 much	case
12	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 characterises	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 history	case
14	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 much	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		military service				of the following statements; for much of history; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Many soldiers were agricultural workers serving between harvests

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 soldiers	amod
2	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 workers	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 workers	cop
4	agricultural	agricultural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 workers	amod
5	workers	worker	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	serving	serve	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 workers	acl
7	between	between	ADP	_	8 harvests	case
8	harvests	harvest	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 serving	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Many soldiers	agricultural workers					tree rules
2	serve	gerund	agricultural workers not said here					between harvests	vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent

Option 2

All soldiers were full-time professionals from the earliest times

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 soldiers	det
2	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 professionals	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 professionals	cop
4	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 time	amod
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 full	punct
6	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 professionals	compound
7	professionals	professional	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	nsubj
8	from	from	ADP	_	11 times	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 times	det
10	earliest	early	ADJ	Degree=Sup	11 times	amod
11	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 professionals	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	all soldiers	time professionals			time		tree rules

Option 3

Armies consisted chiefly of children under the age of twelve

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Armies	army	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 consisted	nsubj
2	consisted	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	chiefly	chiefly	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consisted	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 children	case
5	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 chiefly	nmod
6	under	under	ADP	_	8 age	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 age	det
8	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consisted	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 twelve	case
10	twelve	twelve	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 age	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	past	Armies	chiefly of children			under the age of twelve		tree rules

Option 4

Military service was entirely unknown before 1900

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Military	military	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 service	amod
2	service	service	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 unknown	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 unknown	cop
4	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	5 unknown	advmod
5	unknown	unknown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	before	before	ADP	_	7 1900	case
7	1900	1900	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 unknown	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Military service				before 1900	entirely, unknown property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/e3/