Test 3 · Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through time
Oliver's nan calls police bobbies. Leo says police are ancient like pyramids. Fair?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: nan, Leo, police · What happens: call, say, be · To what, where: police bobbies · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 3 of lesson 68 «Rules, courts, police, taxes and armies through time» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Oliver's nan calls police bobbies.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 nan | nmod:poss |
| 2 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 1 Oliver | case |
| 3 | nan | nan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 calls | nsubj |
| 4 | calls | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | police | police | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 bobbies | compound |
| 6 | bobbies | bobby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 calls | obj |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 calls | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | present | Oliver's nan | police bobbies | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent bobby=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Leo says police are ancient like pyramids.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Leo | Leo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 says | nsubj |
| 2 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | police | police | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 ancient | nsubj |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 ancient | cop |
| 5 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 says | ccomp |
| 6 | like | like | ADP | _ | 7 pyramids | case |
| 7 | pyramids | pyramid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 ancient | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Leo | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | present | police | like pyramids; ancient property | tree rules |
Sentence 3: Fair?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 2 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 Fair | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Not quite; modern police are about 200 years old
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 2 quite | advmod |
| 2 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 10 old | advmod |
| 3 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 2 quite | punct |
| 4 | modern | modern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 police | amod |
| 5 | police | police | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 old | nsubj |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 old | cop |
| 7 | about | about | ADV | _ | 8 200 | advmod |
| 8 | 200 | 200 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 years | nummod |
| 9 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 old | obl:unmarked |
| 10 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | modern police | year | old property | tree rules |
Option 2
Yes, the pharaohs had police cars and police stations
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 had | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 pharaohs | det |
| 4 | pharaohs | pharaoh | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 had | nsubj |
| 5 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | police | police | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 cars | compound |
| 7 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 had | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 stations | cc |
| 9 | police | police | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 stations | compound |
| 10 | stations | station | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 cars | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the pharaohs | police cars and police stations | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Patient |
Option 3
Yes, the police even came before farming did
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 6 came | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 police | det |
| 4 | police | police | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 came | nsubj |
| 5 | even | even | ADV | _ | 6 came | advmod |
| 6 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 8 farming | mark |
| 8 | farming | farm | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 came | advcl |
| 9 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 came | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the police | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | farm | gerund | the police not said here | vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | do | past | the police not said here | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
No, police were only invented in about 2010
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 3 police | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | police | police | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 invented | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 invented | aux:pass |
| 5 | only | only | ADV | _ | 6 invented | advmod |
| 6 | invented | invent | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 2010 | case |
| 8 | about | about | ADV | _ | 9 2010 | advmod |
| 9 | 2010 | 2010 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 invented | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | invent | past · passive | police | 2010 | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/68-rules-courts-police-taxes-and-armies-through-time/t3/