Test 10 · What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religion…

Ava says "tea", her Turkish friend says "çay", her Portuguese friend says "chá". What story do the words tell?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Ava, Turkish friend, Portuguese friend, story, you · What happens: say, do, tell · To what, where: tea, çay, chá, words · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 of lesson 71 «What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religions and diseases» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Ava says "tea", her Turkish friend says "çay", her Portuguese friend says "chá".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ava	Ava	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 tea	punct
4	tea	tea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	obj
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 tea	punct
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 says	punct
7	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 friend	nmod:poss
8	Turkish	Turkish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 friend	amod
9	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 says	nsubj
10	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	parataxis
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 çay	punct
12	çay	çay	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 says	obj
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 çay	punct
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 says	punct
15	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 friend	nmod:poss
16	Portuguese	portuguese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 friend	amod
17	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 says	nsubj
18	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 says	conj
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 chá	punct
20	chá	chá	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 says	obj
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 chá	punct
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Ava	tea	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent tea=Topic
2	say speech: assert	present	Ava's Turkish friend	çay	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent çay=Topic
3	say speech: assert	present	Ava's Portuguese friend	chá	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent chá=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What story do the words tell?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 do	obj
2	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 do	nsubj
3	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 tell	advcl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 words	det
5	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 do	obj
6	tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 tell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	story	the words					tree rules
2	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

They show which routes tea travelled on, by sea or by land

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 show	nsubj
2	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	4 routes	det
4	routes	route	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 show	obj
5	tea	tea	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 travelled	nsubj
6	travelled	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 routes	acl:relcl
7	on	on	ADV	_	6 travelled	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 sea	punct
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 sea	case
10	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 routes	conj
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 land	cc
12	by	by	ADP	_	13 land	case
13	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 routes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	They	which routes and sea or land					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent route=Recipient
2	travel	past	tea	which routes and sea or land not said here					vn run-51.3.2-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location route=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Tea was first grown in Turkey and its name spread west from there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tea	tea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 grown	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 grown	aux:pass
3	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 grown	advmod
4	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 Turkey	case
6	Turkey	Turkey	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 grown	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 spread	cc
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 name	nmod:poss
9	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 spread	nsubj
10	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 grown	conj
11	west	west	ADV	_	10 spread	advmod
12	from	from	ADP	_	13 there	case
13	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 spread	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	grow	past · passive		Tea	Turkey	first property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
2	spread	past	Tea's name			west property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	name		Tea				nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

All three were made up by one king who loved tea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 three	det
2	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 made	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 made	aux:pass
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 made	compound:prt
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 king	case
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 king	nummod
8	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl
9	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 loved	nsubj
10	loved	love	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 king	acl:relcl
11	tea	tea	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 loved	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make up	past · passive	one king	all three					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Pivot
2	love	past	one king	tea					vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tea=Stimulus

Option 4

They are random sounds with no history behind them at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 sounds	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sounds	cop
3	random	random	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sounds	amod
4	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 history	case
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 history	det
7	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sounds	nmod
8	behind	behind	ADP	_	9 them	case
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 history	nmod
10	at	at	ADP	_	11 all	case
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 sounds	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	random sounds		all		with no history behind sounds	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/t10/