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Test 9 · What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religion…

In Europa Universalis, Mateo's Spain conquers the Aztecs with a few clicks and a big army. What does the game leave out?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: Spain, game · What happens: conquer, leave out · To what, where: Aztecs, Europa

This is test 9 of lesson 71 «What trade carried: tomatoes, tea, horses, words, religions and diseases» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In Europa Universalis, Mateo's Spain conquers the Aztecs with a few clicks and a big army.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Europa	case
2	Europa	Europa	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 conquers	obl
3	Universalis	Universalis	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Europa	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Europa	punct
5	Mateo	Mateo	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Spain	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Mateo	case
7	Spain	Spain	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 conquers	nsubj
8	conquers	conquer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Aztecs	det
10	Aztecs	Aztec	PROPN	Number=Plur	8 conquers	obj
11	with	with	ADP	_	14 clicks	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 clicks	det
13	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 clicks	amod
14	clicks	click	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 conquers	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 army	cc
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 army	det
17	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 army	amod
18	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 clicks	conj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 conquers	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conquer	present	Mateo's Spain	the Aztecs		Europa		with a few clicks and a big army	vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent aztec=Patient with click=Instrument

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does the game leave out?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 leave	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 leave	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 game	det
4	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 leave	nsubj
5	leave	leave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	out	out	ADP	_	5 leave	compound:prt
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 leave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave out	present · do-support	the game						vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme

The options

Option 1

The Aztecs had no army at all and never fought back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Aztecs	det
2	Aztecs	Aztec	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 army	det
5	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 had	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 fought	cc
9	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	10 fought	advmod
10	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 had	conj
11	back	back	ADV	_	10 fought	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the Aztecs	no army		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent army=Patient
2	not fight back	past	the Aztecs not said here						vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Nothing, the game shows exactly what happened

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 shows	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 game	det
4	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shows	nsubj
5	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	7 what	advmod
7	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	8 happened	nsubj
8	happened	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 shows	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	Nothing						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	happen	past							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Spain really had millions of soldiers there, many more than the Aztecs did

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spain	Spain	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 had	advmod
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 had	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 soldiers	case
6	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 millions	nmod
7	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 had	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 more	punct
9	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 more	amod
10	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 had	obj
11	than	than	SCONJ	_	14 did	mark
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Aztecs	det
13	Aztecs	Aztec	PROPN	Number=Plur	14 did	nsubj
14	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 more	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	Spain	millions of soldiers		there			tree rules
2	do	past	the Aztecs						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Diseases like smallpox killed huge numbers before and during the fighting

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Diseases	disease	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 killed	nsubj
2	like	like	ADP	_	3 smallpox	case
3	smallpox	smallpox	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Diseases	nmod
4	killed	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 numbers	amod
6	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 killed	obj
7	before	before	ADV	_	6 numbers	advmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 fighting	cc
9	during	during	ADP	_	11 fighting	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 fighting	det
11	fighting	fighting	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 before	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	past	Diseases like smallpox	huge numbers					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/71-what-trade-carried-tomatoes-tea-horses-words-and-diseases/t9/